ArticleEnvironmental science & technology2012
Inhibition of copper uptake in yeast reveals the copper transporter Ctr1p as a potential molecular target of saxitoxin.
Article in Environmental science & technology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- LncRNA AP003469.2 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by regulating cuproptosis via the miR-4732-3p/LIPT1 axis.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- A histochemical approach to activity-based copper sensing reveals cuproplasia-dependent vulnerabilities in cancer.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Small-Molecule Fluorescent Probes for Binding- and Activity-Based Sensing of Redox-Active Biological Metals.Chemical reviews · 2024Review
- Article
- Activation of Haa1 and War1 transcription factors by differential binding of weak acid anions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Nucleic acids research · 2019Article
- Tuning the Color Palette of Fluorescent Copper Sensors through Systematic Heteroatom Substitution at Rhodol Cores.ACS chemical biology · 2018Article
- Analytical Methods for Imaging Metals in Biology: From Transition Metal Metabolism to Transition Metal Signaling.Analytical chemistry · 2017Review
- Thioether Coordination Chemistry for Molecular Imaging of Copper in Biological Systems.Israel journal of chemistry · 2016Article
- Recognition- and reactivity-based fluorescent probes for studying transition metal signaling in living systems.Accounts of chemical research · 2015Article
- Synthetic fluorescent probes for studying copper in biological systems.Chemical Society reviews · 2015Review
- Copper is an endogenous modulator of neural circuit spontaneous activity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2014Article
- An overview on the marine neurotoxin, saxitoxin: genetics, molecular targets, methods of detection and ecological functions.Marine drugs · 2013Review
- In silico analysis of putative paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins export proteins in cyanobacteria.PloS one · 2013Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Saxitoxin is a secondary metabolite produced by several species of dinoflagellates and cyanobacteria which targets voltage-gated sodium and potassium channels in higher vertebrates. However, its molecular target in planktonic aquatic community members that co-occur with the toxin producers remains unknown. Previous microarray analysis with yeast identified copper and iron-homeostasis genes as being differentially regulated in response to saxitoxin. This study sought to identify the molecular target in microbial cells by comparing the transcriptional profiles of key copper and iron homeostasis genes (CTR1, FRE1, FET3, CUP1, CRS5) in cells exposed to saxitoxin, excess copper, excess iron, an extracellular Cu(I) chelator, or an intracellular Cu(I) chelator. Protein expression and localization of Ctr1p (copper transporter), Fet3p (multicopper oxidase involved in high-affinity iron uptake), and Aft1p (iron regulator) were also compared among treatments. Combined transcript and protein profiles suggested saxitoxin inhibited copper uptake. This hypothesis was confirmed by intracellular Cu(I) imaging with a selective fluorescent probe for labile copper. On the basis of the combined molecular and physiological results, a model is presented in which the copper transporter Ctr1p serves as a molecular target of saxitoxin and these observations are couched in the context of the eco-evolutionary role this toxin may serve for species that produce it.
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