ArticleGastroenterology & hepatology2011
Immune tolerant hepatitis B: a clinical dilemma.
Article in Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- KASL clinical practice guidelines for management of chronic hepatitis B.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2022Guideline
- KASL clinical practice guidelines for management of chronic hepatitis B.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2019Guideline
- KASL clinical practice guidelines: management of chronic hepatitis B.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2016Guideline
- Efficacy of a Chinese herbal formula on hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B patients.World journal of gastroenterology · 2020Trial
- KASL clinical practice guidelines for management of chronic hepatitis B Endorsed by the East Asia Liver Alliance (EALA).Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2026Article
- Time for a globally unified chronic HBV terminology?JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2025Review
- A multiscale model of the action of a capsid assembly modulator for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Impact of hepatitis B virus infection in patients with plasmodium parasites in selected health facilities in Accra, Ghana.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- TLR agonists as adjuvants for viral vaccines: mechanisms, applications, and future directions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Persistent hepatitis B virus and HIV coinfections in dually humanized mice engrafted with human liver and immune system.Journal of medical virology · 2023Article
- Long-term Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Profile and Seroclearance after Severe Acute Flares of Chronic Hepatitis B.Gut and liver · 2023Article
- Transcriptomic Analysis of Hepatitis B Infected Liver for Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Biology · 2023Article
- TLR agonists as vaccine adjuvants in the prevention of viral infections: an overview.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Proteomic characterization of the natural history of chronic HBV infection revealed by tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics approach.Materials today. Bio · 2022Article
- Negligible risks of hepatocellular carcinoma during biomarker-defined immune-tolerant phase for patients with chronic hepatitis B.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2021Article
- Development of hepatocellular carcinoma from various phases of chronic hepatitis B virus infection.PloS one · 2021Article
- Asymptomatic malaria and hepatitis B do not influence cytokine responses of persons involved in chronic sedentary activities.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Analysis of pathological changes and related factors in liver tissue of HBeAg-negative patients with low HBsAg levels.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2020Article
- Combination of Entecavir/Peginterferon Alfa-2a in Children With Hepatitis B e Antigen-Positive Immune Tolerant Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2019Article
- HBV and HIV viral load but not microbial translocation or immune activation are associated with liver fibrosis among patients in South Africa.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus infection remains a global health concern, with perinatal transmission still a problem in many countries. Several new therapies for chronic hepatitis B virus infection have recently been introduced that can safely and effectively suppress viral replication with a low risk of resistance; thus, it has become increasingly tempting for many clinicians to treat patients in the immune tolerant stage of infection who have high levels of viremia yet persistently normal levels of transaminases. However, understanding the natural history of hepatitis B virus infection and how it pertains to disease progression, as well as how current therapies alter or do not alter this natural history, is important when deciding whether to treat these patients. This article will review the definition and natural history of immune tolerance, the current world guidelines and recommendations for treatment of immune tolerant patients, and data on the effectiveness of current therapies in this patient population.
Indexed as
Identifiers
22298987PMC3264935W1503037651What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.