Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22295905›Full record

ArticleHuman gene therapy2012

Dextran and protamine-based solid lipid nanoparticles as potential vectors for the treatment of X-linked juvenile retinoschisis.

Diego Delgado, Ana del Pozo-Rodríguez, Maria Ángeles Solinís, Marcelino Avilés-Triqueros, Bernhard H F Weber, Eduardo Fernández, Alicia R Gascón

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Human gene therapy, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.2field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Nanotherapy for Neural Retinal Regeneration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
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  3. Article
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  8. How Advanced are Nanocarriers for Effective Subretinal Injection?International journal of nanomedicine · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Diego DelgadoPharmacokinetics, Nanotechnology and Gene Therapy Group Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Ana del Pozo-Rodríguez
Maria Ángeles Solinís
Marcelino Avilés-Triqueros
Bernhard H F Weber
Eduardo Fernández
Alicia R Gascón
Universitat de Miguel Hernández d'Elx · ESUniversity of Regensburg · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The goal of the present study was to analyze the potential application of nonviral vectors based on solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) for the treatment of ocular diseases by gene therapy, specifically X-linked juvenile retinoschisis (XLRS). Vectors were prepared with SLN, dextran, protamine, and a plasmid (pCMS-EGFP or pCEP4-RS1). Formulations were characterized and the in vitro transfection capacity as well as the cellular uptake and the intracellular trafficking were studied in ARPE-19 cells. Formulations were also tested in vivo in Wistar rat eyes, and the efficacy was studied by monitoring the expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) after intravitreal, subretinal, and topical administration. The presence of dextran and protamine in the SLN improved greatly the expression of retinoschisin and EGFP in ARPE-19 cells. The nuclear localization signals of protamine, its ability to protect the DNA, and a shift in the entry mechanism from caveola-mediated to clathrin-mediated endocytosis promoted by the dextran, justify the increase in transfection. After ocular administration of the dextran-protamine-DNA-SLN complex to rat eyes, we detected the expression of EGFP in various types of cells depending on the administration route. Our vectors were also able to transfect corneal cells after topical application. We have demonstrated the potential usefulness of our nonviral vectors loaded with XLRS1 plasmid and provided evidence for their potential application for the management or treatment of degenerative retinal disorders as well as ocular surface diseases.

Indexed as

NanoparticlesAnimalsDextransDNADrug CarriersGenetic TherapyGlyceridesGreen Fluorescent ProteinsParticle SizeProtaminesRatsRetinoschisisTransfectionDextransDNADrug Carriersenhanced green fluorescent proteinGlyceridesGreen Fluorescent ProteinsProtamines

Identifiers

PMID22295905
OpenAlexW2079824721

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.