Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22293990›Full record

SynthesisJournal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism2012

Evaluation of combination therapy in animal models of cerebral ischemia.

Victoria E O'Collins, Malcolm R Macleod, Geoffrey A Donnan, David W Howells

Open access · bronzeAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Hypertension and experimental stroke therapies.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2013
    Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. The Role of Oxidative Stress in Acute Ischemic Stroke-Related Thrombosis.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Variability of functional outcome measures used in animal models of stroke and vascular cognitive impairment - a review of contemporary studies.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2018
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Oxidative Stress and the Use of Antioxidants in Stroke.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2014
    Review
  18. Hypothermia protects human neurons.International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society · 2014
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Combined antiapoptotic and antioxidant approach to acute neuroprotection for stroke in hypertensive rats.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2013
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Victoria E O'CollinsFlorey Neuroscience Institutes, Melbourne Brain Centre, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia. ocollins@unimelb.edu.au
Malcolm R Macleod
Geoffrey A Donnan
David W Howells
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health · AUUniversity of Edinburgh · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Combination therapy has been identified as a promising strategy to improve stroke management. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence from animal models of ischemic stroke to determine whether combining treatments improved efficacy. Multiple databases were searched and data were extracted from focal ischemia experiments comparing control groups, single treatments, and combination treatments. Of 11,430 papers identified, 142 met the inclusion criteria; these tested 126 treatments in 373 experiments using 8,037 animals (I(2)=85 to 96%). Taken together, single treatments reduced infarct size by 20% and improved neurological score by 12% compared with control; a second therapy improved efficacy by an additional 18% and 25%, respectively. Publication bias may affect combination efficacy for infarct size but not neurological score. Combining thrombolysis with other therapies may extend the time window from 4.4 to 8 hours in animal models, although testing beyond 6 hours is required to confirm this. Benefits of additional therapy decreased as the efficacy of the primary treatment increased, with combination efficacy reaching a ceiling at 60% to 80% protection. Combining treatments may bring benefits and extend the time window for treatment. More evidence is needed due to potential publication bias and heterogeneity.

Indexed as

Disease Models, AnimalAnimalsBrain IschemiaCombined Modality TherapyDatabases, FactualEvaluation Studies as TopicHumansThrombolytic TherapyTime Factors

Identifiers

PMID22293990
PMCPMC3318154
OpenAlexW2159872543

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.