Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22293038›Full record

ArticleGenome biology2012

Dissecting the regulatory architecture of gene expression QTLs.

Daniel J Gaffney, Jean-Baptiste Veyrieras, Jacob F Degner, Roger Pique-Regi, Athma A Pai, Gregory E Crawford, Matthew Stephens, Yoav Gilad, Jonathan K Pritchard

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome biology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 136 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
136citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

136 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Mechanistic Characterization ofFrontiers in immunology · 2019
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76 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Daniel J GaffneyDepartment of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, 920 E58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. dg13@sanger.ac.uk
Jean-Baptiste Veyrieras
Jacob F Degner
Roger Pique-Regi
Athma A Pai
Gregory E Crawford
Matthew Stephens
Yoav Gilad
Jonathan K Pritchard

Funding

Integrating genomics and gene expression analyses to map CVD-associated lociR01HL092206 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI GILAD, YOAV · 2009 to 2021
$7.3M
Analysis and interpretation of noncoding regulatory variationR01MH084703 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI GILAD, YOAV, PRITCHARD, JONATHAN K · 2008 to 2015
$3.4M
Natural Selection on Gene Regulation in HumansR01GM077959 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI GILAD, YOAV · 2006 to 2014
$2.9M
Mapping QTLs Associated with Variation in RNA Decay RatesR01HG006123 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI GILAD, YOAV · 2011 to 2013
$1.3M
Statistical analysis of gene expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL)R01MH090951 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI PRITCHARD, JONATHAN K · 2010 to 2012
$873k
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG006123NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL092206NIGMS NIH HHS GM077959NIMH NIH HHS MH084703NIMH NIH HHS MH090951
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundExpression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) are likely to play an important role in the genetics of complex traits; however, their functional basis remains poorly understood. Using the HapMap lymphoblastoid cell lines, we combine 1000 Genomes genotypes and an extensive catalogue of human functional elements to investigate the biological mechanisms that eQTLs perturb.

resultsWe use a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the enrichment of eQTLs in a wide variety of regulatory annotations. We find that approximately 40% of eQTLs occur in open chromatin, and that they are particularly enriched in transcription factor binding sites, suggesting that many directly impact protein-DNA interactions. Analysis of core promoter regions shows that eQTLs also frequently disrupt some known core promoter motifs but, surprisingly, are not enriched in other well-known motifs such as the TATA box. We also show that information from regulatory annotations alone, when weighted by the hierarchical model, can provide a meaningful ranking of the SNPs that are most likely to drive gene expression variation.

conclusionsOur study demonstrates how regulatory annotation and the association signal derived from eQTL-mapping can be combined into a single framework. We used this approach to further our understanding of the biology that drives human gene expression variation, and of the putatively causal SNPs that underlie it.

Indexed as

Deoxyribonuclease IGene ExpressionBayes TheoremCell LineChromatinDNA-Binding ProteinsGenome, HumanGenotypeHapMap ProjectHumansPolymorphism, Single NucleotidePromoter Regions, GeneticQuantitative Trait LociRegulatory Sequences, Nucleic AcidTranscription FactorsChromatinDeoxyribonuclease IDNA-Binding ProteinsTranscription Factors

Identifiers

PMID22293038
PMCPMC3334587

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.