ArticlePloS one2012
Crosstalk between virulence loci: regulation of Salmonella enterica pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1) by products of the std fimbrial operon.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Milk-derived peptone reduces EHEC virulence by inhibiting the type III secretion system.Virulence · 2026Article
- Intercellular mosaic methylation in fast-growingNAR molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Type 1 fimbria and P pili: regulatory mechanisms of the prototypical members of the chaperone-usher fimbrial family.Archives of microbiology · 2024Review
- A Case of Food-Borne Salmonellosis in a Corn Snake (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- DNA Methylation in Prokaryotes.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Article
- An incoherent feedforward loop formed by SirA/BarA, HilE and HilD is involved in controlling the growth cost of virulence factor expression by Salmonella Typhimurium.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Evidence for Involvement of theFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- The bacterial epigenome.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2020Review
- Regulation of bistability in the std fimbrial operon of Salmonella enterica by DNA adenine methylation and transcription factors HdfR, StdE and StdF.Nucleic acids research · 2019Article
- Contribution of SPI-1 bistability to Salmonella enterica cooperative virulence: insights from single cell analysis.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Formation of phenotypic lineages in Salmonella enterica by a pleiotropic fimbrial switch.PLoS genetics · 2018Article
- Enteropathogens: Tuning Their Gene Expression for Hassle-Free Survival.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
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- Salmonella pathogenicity island 1(SPI-1) at work.Current microbiology · 2013Review
- Programmed heterogeneity: epigenetic mechanisms in bacteria.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2013Review
- DNA methylation impacts gene expression and ensures hypoxic survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.PLoS pathogens · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Invasion of intestinal epithelial cells is a critical step in Salmonella infection and requires the expression of genes located in Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1). A key factor for SPI-1 expression is DNA adenine (Dam) methylation, which activates synthesis of the SPI-1 transcriptional activator HilD. Dam-dependent regulation of hilD is postranscriptional (and therefore indirect), indicating the involvement of unknown cell functions under Dam methylation control. A genetic screen has identified the std fimbrial operon as the missing link between Dam methylation and SPI-1. We show that all genes in the std operon are part of a single transcriptional unit, and describe three previously uncharacterized ORFs (renamed stdD, stdE, and stdF). We present evidence that two such loci (stdE and stdF) are involved in Dam-dependent control of Salmonella SPI-1: in a Dam(-) background, deletion of stdE or stdF suppresses SPI-1 repression; in a Dam(+) background, constitutive expression of StdE and/or StdF represses SPI-1. Repression of SPI-1 by products of std operon explains the invasion defect of Salmonella Dam(-) mutants, which constitutively express the std operon. Dam-dependent repression of std in the ileum may be required to permit invasion, as indicated by two observations: constitutive expression of StdE and StdF reduces invasion of epithelial cells in vitro (1,000 fold) and attenuates Salmonella virulence in the mouse model (>60 fold). In turn, crosstalk between std and SPI-1 may play a role in intestinal infections by preventing expression of SPI-1 in the caecum, an intestinal compartment in which the std operon is known to be expressed.
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