Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22291690›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2011

Fluorescent Reporter Signals, EGFP, and DsRed, Encoded in HIV-1 Facilitate the Detection of Productively Infected Cells and Cell-Associated Viral Replication Levels.

Kazutaka Terahara, Takuya Yamamoto, Yu-Ya Mitsuki, Kentaro Shibusawa, Masayuki Ishige, Fuminori Mizukoshi, Kazuo Kobayashi, Yasuko Tsunetsugu-Yokota

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 36% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. EcoHIV Infection Disrupts Dopamine and Serotonin Transporter Function, Altering Release Dynamics in C57BL/6J Mice.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026
    Article
  3. Reporter-expressing viruses for antiviral drug discovery research.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Kazutaka TeraharaDepartment of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases Tokyo, Japan.
Takuya Yamamoto
Yu-Ya Mitsuki
Kentaro Shibusawa
Masayuki Ishige
Fuminori Mizukoshi
Kazuo Kobayashi
Yasuko Tsunetsugu-Yokota
National Institute of Infectious Diseases · JPNational Institutes of Health · USTochigi Prefectural Police · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Flow cytometric analysis is a reliable and convenient method for investigating molecules at the single cell level. Previously, recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains were constructed that express a fluorescent reporter, either enhanced green fluorescent protein, or DsRed, which allow the monitoring of HIV-1-infected cells by flow cytometry. The present study further investigated the potential of these recombinant viruses in terms of whether the HIV-1 fluorescent reporters would be helpful in evaluating viral replication based on fluorescence intensity. When primary CD4(+) T cells were infected with recombinant viruses, the fluorescent reporter intensity measured by flow cytometry was associated with the level of CD4 downmodulation and Gag p24 expression in infected cells. Interestingly, some HIV-1-infected cells, in which CD4 was only moderately downmodulated, were reporter-positive but Gag p24-negative. Furthermore, when the activation status of primary CD4(+) T cells was modulated by T cell receptor-mediated stimulation, we confirmed the preferential viral production upon strong stimulation and showed that the intensity of the fluorescent reporter within a proportion of HIV-1-infected cells was correlated with the viral replication level. These findings indicate that a fluorescent reporter encoded within HIV-1 is useful for the sensitive detection of productively infected cells at different stages of infection and for evaluating cell-associated viral replication at the single cell level.

Indexed as

DsRedEGFPflow cytometryGagHIV-1productive infection

Identifiers

PMID22291690
PMCPMC3265802
OpenAlexW2151598553

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.