ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2012
The importance of adjuvant formulation in the development of a tuberculosis vaccine.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccine against tuberculosis: what's new?BMC infectious diseases · 2014Pooled it
- A randomized, controlled dose-finding Phase II study of the M72/AS01 candidate tuberculosis vaccine in healthy PPD-positive adults.Journal of clinical immunology · 2013Trial
- Evaluating novel antibodies for cytokine profiling in the guinea pig model.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Article
- Characterizing TLR4 agonist EmT4™ as an anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccine adjuvant.ImmunoHorizons · 2025Article
- Evaluating the immunogenicity and safety of ID93 + GLA-SE in BCG-vaccinated healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Therapeutic advances in vaccines and immunotherapy · 2025Review
- An intranasal nanoparticle vaccine elicits protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Vaccine · 2024Article
- Review
- Advances in protein subunit vaccines against tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Review
- It Takes a Village: The Multifaceted Immune Response toFrontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Pathological and protective roles of dendritic cells inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- An Update on Tuberculosis Vaccines.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- A review of the BCG vaccine and other approaches toward tuberculosis eradication.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Review
- Prophylactic efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis using ID93 and lipid-based adjuvant formulations in the mouse model.PloS one · 2021Article
- Advancing Adjuvants forFrontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Tuberculosis vaccine development: from classic to clinical candidates.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2020Review
- Differential Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy Elicited by MTO- and DMT-Adjuvanted CMFO Subunit Vaccines againstJournal of immunology research · 2020Article
- Long-term protective efficacy with a BCG-prime ID93/GLA-SE boost regimen against the hyper-virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain K in a mouse model.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Vaccine Adjuvants Derived from Marine Organisms.Biomolecules · 2019Review
- First-in-human phase 1 dose-escalating trial of G305 in patients with advanced solid tumors expressing NY-ESO-1.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2019Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
An effective protein-based vaccine for tuberculosis will require a safe and effective adjuvant. There are few adjuvants in approved human vaccines, including alum and the oil-in-water-based emulsions MF59 (Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics), AS03 and AS04 (GlaxoSmithKline Biologics), AF03 (Sanofi), and liposomes (Crucell). When used with pure, defined proteins, both alum and emulsion adjuvants are effective at inducing primarily humoral responses. One of the newest adjuvants in approved products is AS04, which combines monophosphoryl lipid A, a TLR-4 agonist, with alum. In this study, we compared two adjuvants: a stable oil-in-water emulsion (SE) and a stable oil-in-water emulsion incorporating glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant, a synthetic TLR-4 agonist (GLA-SE), each together with a recombinant protein, ID93. Both the emulsion SE and GLA-SE adjuvants induce potent cellular responses in combination with ID93 in mice. ID93/SE induced Th2-biased immune responses, whereas ID93/GLA-SE induced multifunctional CD4(+) Th1 cell responses (IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2). The ID93/GLA-SE vaccine candidate induced significant protection in mice and guinea pigs, whereas no protection was observed with ID93/SE, as assessed by reductions in bacterial burden, survival, and pathology. These results highlight the importance of properly formulating subunit vaccines with effective adjuvants for use against tuberculosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.