ArticleAging and disease2011
Dysregulated inflammation as a risk factor for pneumonia in the elderly.
Article in Aging and disease, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Temporal trends and demographic disparities in mortality with co-mention of chronic liver disease and pneumonia in the United States, 1999-2024.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Respiratory virus immune response in the aged host.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2026Review
- Risk Factors, Pathogen Distribution, and Treatment Strategies for Mortality in Elderly Patients with Pulmonary Bacterial Infections.Clinical interventions in aging · 2026Article
- Heart Rate as a Predictor of 6-Month Pneumonia Risk in Patients With Dysphagia.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2025Article
- Senotherapy for chronic lung disease.Pharmacological reviews · 2025Review
- Anthocyanin-Rich Fraction from Kum Akha Black Rice Attenuates NLRP3 Inflammasome-Driven Lung Inflammation In Vitro and In Vivo.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Agnostic B cell selection approach identifies antibodies against K. pneumoniae that synergistically drive complement activation.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Muscle-derived microRNAs correlated with thigh lean mass gains during progressive resistance training in older adults.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2024Article
- Article
- Clinical risk factors and blood protein biomarkers of 10-year pneumonia risk.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Respiratory viral infection and resolution of inflammation: Roles for specialized pro-resolving mediators.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2023Review
- Serum Immunoglobulins, Pneumonia Risk, and Lung Function in Middle-Aged and Older Individuals: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Liver-Dependent Lung Remodeling during Systemic Inflammation Shapes Responses to Secondary Infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2021Article
- SSRIs: Applications in inflammatory lung disease and implications for COVID-19.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2021Review
- Exposure to TiONanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Review
- Experimental Human Pneumococcal Colonization in Older Adults Is Feasible and Safe, Not Immunogenic.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2021Article
- Experimental Model for Studies of Pneumococcal Colonization in Older Adults.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2021Article
- The Dynamics of B Cell Aging in Health and Disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Macrophage LC3-associated phagocytosis is an immune defense againstProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Advances in modern medicine have led to an increase in the median life span and an expansion of the world's population over the age of 65. With increasing numbers of the population surviving to the extreme of age, those at risk for the development of pneumonia will approach 2 billion by the year 2050. Numerous age-related changes in the lung likely contribute to the enhanced occurrence of pneumonia in the elderly. Inflammation in the elderly has been shown to increase risk prior to infection; age-associated inflammation enhances bacterial ligand expression in the lungs which increases the ability of bacteria to attach and invade host cells. Conversely, the elaboration of the acute inflammatory response during early infection has been found to decrease with age resulting in a delayed immune response and diminished bacterial killing. Finally, the resolution of the inflammatory response during the convalescent stage back to "baseline" is often prolonged in the elderly and associated with negative outcomes, such as adverse cardiac events. The focus of this review will be to discuss our current understanding of the potential mechanisms by which dysregulated inflammation (both prior to and following an infectious insult) enhances susceptibility to and severity of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the elderly with an emphasis on pneumococcal pneumonia, the leading cause of CAP.
Identifiers
22288022PMC3265328W1536524592What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.