ArticleGut2012
Prospective validation of an immunohistochemical panel (glypican 3, heat shock protein 70 and glutamine synthetase) in liver biopsies for diagnosis of very early hepatocellular carcinoma.
Article in Gut, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 184 citations in OpenAlex.
- SEOM-GEMCAD-TTD clinical guidelines for the management of hepatocarcinoma patients (2023).Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2024Guideline
- Guideline
- 2022 KLCA-NCC Korea practice guidelines for the management of hepatocellular carcinoma.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2022Guideline
- 2018 Korean Liver Cancer Association-National Cancer Center Korea Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Korean journal of radiology · 2019Guideline
- 2018 Korean Liver Cancer Association-National Cancer Center Korea Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Gut and liver · 2019Guideline
- Emerging role of proteomics in advancing diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of liver cancer.Liver research (Beijing, China) · 2026Review
- MLKL in liver parenchymal cells promotes liver cancer in murine metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- PSMA immunohistochemistry as a diagnostic biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2025Article
- An Update of Immunohistochemistry in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Predicting hepatocellular carcinoma development in advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis due to chronic hepatitis B: The role of glypican-3, heat shock protein 70, CD34, and glutamine synthetase.Hepatology forum · 2025Article
- Nanomedicine Strategies Utilizing Lipid-Based Nanoparticles for Liver Cancer Therapy: Exploring Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Modalities.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2024Review
- Article
- Blood biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma: a critical review.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Hepatocellular Carcinoma from a Hepatologist's Perspective.Seminars in interventional radiology · 2023Review
- Kidney-type glutaminase is a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: a prospective study.BMC cancer · 2023Article
- P53 and VEGF are promising biomarkers for sorafenib efficacy in an experimental model of NASH-related HCC.Journal of molecular histology · 2023Article
- Interpretation of Farnesoid X Receptor Immunohistochemical Expression in Discriminating Hepatocellular Carcinoma from Its Non-Neoplastic Mimics as an Adjunct to Glypican 3.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2023Article
- 2022 KLCA-NCC Korea practice guidelines for the management of hepatocellular carcinoma.Journal of liver cancer · 2023Review
- Glutamine metabolic reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Review
- 2022 KLCA-NCC Korea Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Korean journal of radiology · 2022Review
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsConventional pathological analysis fails to achieve sufficient sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in small nodules. Immunohistochemical staining for glypican 3 (GPC3), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and glutamine synthetase (GS) has been suggested to allow a confident diagnosis but no prospective study has established the diagnostic accuracy of this approach. The aim of this study is to assess prospectively the diagnostic accuracy of a panel of markers (GPC3, HSP70, GS) for the diagnosis of HCC in patients with cirrhosis with a small (5-20 mm) nodule detected by ultrasound screening.
methodsSixty patients with cirrhosis with a single nodule 5-20 mm newly detected by ultrasound were included in the study. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound, magnetic resonance and fine needle biopsy of the nodule (gold standard) were performed; the biopsy was repeated in case of diagnostic failures. Three consecutive sections of the first biopsy sample with meaningful material were stained with antibodies against GPC3, HSP70 and GS.
resultsForty patients were diagnosed with HCC. The sensitivity and specificity for HCC diagnosis were: GPC3 57.5% and 95%, HSP70 57.5% and 85%, GS 50% and 90%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the different combinations were: GPC3+HSP70 40% and 100%; GPC3+GS 35% and 100%; HSP70+GS 35% and 100%; GPC3+HSP70+GS 25% and 100%. When at least two of the markers were positive (regardless of which), the sensitivity and specificity were 60% and 100%, respectively. Conventional pathological analysis yielded three false negative results, but the addition of this panel only correctly classified one of these cases as HCC.
conclusionThese data within a prospective study establish the clinical usefulness of this panel of markers for the diagnosis of early HCC. However, the panel only slightly increases the diagnostic accuracy in an expert setting.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.