ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2012
Factors driving the abundance of ixodes ricinus ticks and the prevalence of zoonotic I. ricinus-borne pathogens in natural foci.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effects of cattle on vector-borne disease risk to humans: A systematic review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Pooled it
- Europe-Wide Meta-Analysis of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Prevalence in Questing Ixodes ricinus Ticks.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2017Pooled it
- Host diversity and landscape structure drive genospecies-specific Lyme disease risk across Eurasia.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Prevalence ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Surveillance of tick-borne pathogens in ticks collected from Swiss residents.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Identifying and Mapping Ticks on Wild Boars from Romania.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Occurrence of Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens During Warm Winter-A Snapshot from Central Europe.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Derivation and Internal Validation of a Clinical Prediction Model for Diagnosis of Spotted Fever Group Rickettsioses in Northern Tanzania.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- A dataset of the abundance ofBiodiversity data journal · 2025Article
- Article
- Habitat Suitability ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Predicting the distribution ofParasitology · 2024Article
- Ecology and phenology of the bat tickParasitology · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Lyme Disease and Relapsing FeverPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Tick abundance and infection with three zoonotic bacteria are heterogeneous in a Belgian peri-urban forest.Experimental & applied acarology · 2024Article
- The Role of Environmental Factors in Lyme Disease Transmission in the European Union: A Systematic Review.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Review
- Multiple factors affecting Ixodes ricinus ticks and associated pathogens in European temperate ecosystems (northeastern France).Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Testing the efficiency of capture methods for questing Hyalomma lusitanicum (Acari: Ixodidae), a vector of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus.Journal of medical entomology · 2024Article
- Tissue-specific localization of tick-borne pathogens in ticks collected from camels in Kenya: insights into vector competence.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Transmission Cycle of Tick-Borne Infections and Co-Infections, Animal Models and Diseases.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Environmental factors may drive tick ecology and therefore tick-borne pathogen (TBP) epidemiology, which determines the risk to animals and humans of becoming infected by TBPs. For this reason, the aim of this study was to analyze the influence of environmental factors on the abundance of immature-stage Ixodes ricinus ticks and on the prevalence of two zoonotic I. ricinus-borne pathogens in natural foci of endemicity. I. ricinus abundance was measured at nine sites in the northern Iberian Peninsula by dragging the vegetation with a cotton flannelette, and ungulate abundance was measured by means of dung counts. In addition to ungulate abundance, data on variables related to spatial location, climate, and soil were gathered from the study sites. I. ricinus adults, nymphs, and larvae were collected from the vegetation, and a representative subsample of I. ricinus nymphs from each study site was analyzed by PCR for the detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Anaplasma phagocytophilum DNA. Mean prevalences of these pathogens were 4.0% ± 1.8% and 20.5% ± 3.7%, respectively. Statistical analyses confirmed the influence of spatial factors, climate, and ungulate abundance on I. ricinus larva abundance, while nymph abundance was related only to climate. Interestingly, cattle abundance rather than deer abundance was the main driver of B. burgdorferi sensu lato and A. phagocytophilum prevalence in I. ricinus nymphs in the study sites, where both domestic and wild ungulates coexist. The increasing abundance of cattle seems to increase the risk of other hosts becoming infected by A. phagocytophilum, while reducing the risk of being infected by B. burgdorferi sensu lato. Controlling ticks in cattle in areas where they coexist with wild ungulates would be more effective for TBP control than reducing ungulate abundance.
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