ArticleMolecules and cells2012
Gintonin, newly identified compounds from ginseng, is novel lysophosphatidic acids-protein complexes and activates G protein-coupled lysophosphatidic acid receptors with high affinity.
Article in Molecules and cells, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers.
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80 citing papers in PubMed, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reglid: novel glycolipids from Korean red ginseng marc.Journal of ginseng research · 2026Article
- Ginseng nonsaponins: New insights into their pharmacological potentials in inflammasome-driven inflammation and immunopathology.Journal of ginseng research · 2026Review
- Neo-gintonin: production of high concentrations of lysophosphatidic acids from Korean Red ginseng marc.Journal of ginseng research · 2026Article
- Gintonin prevents paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain via spinal LPAJournal of ginseng research · 2026Article
- Research progress on the mechanisms of Panax ginseng and its active components in maintaining skin homeostasis and disease intervention.Chinese medicine · 2026Review
- Gintonin as a Lysophosphatidic Acid-Enriched GPCR Ligand System: Molecular Architecture and Receptor Pharmacology inBiomolecules · 2026Review
- Lipid-Enriched Gintonin from Korean Red Ginseng Marc Alleviates Obesity via Oral and Central Administration in Diet-Induced Obese Mice.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Exploring the potential of ginseng-derived compounds in treating cancer cachexia.Journal of ginseng research · 2025Review
- Ginseng Nanosizing: The Second Spring of Ginseng Therapeutic Applications.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Emerging paradigms for target discovery of traditional medicines: A genome-wide pan-GPCR perspective.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2025Review
- Gintonin Binds to Reduced LPA4 Receptor Subtype in Human Cortical Neurons in Alzheimer's Disease Brains.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Gintonin-EnrichedFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Gintonin Stimulates Glucose Uptake in Myocytes: Involvement of Calcium and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Signaling.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- Atypical formations of gintonin lysophosphatidic acids as new materials and their beneficial effects on degenerative diseases.Journal of ginseng research · 2024Review
- Cognitive function improvement effects of gintonin-enriched fraction in subjective memory impairment: An assessor- and participant-blinded placebo-controlled study.Journal of ginseng research · 2023Article
- Gintonin-Induced Wound-Healing-Related Responses Involve Epidermal-Growth-Factor-like Effects in Keratinocytes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- The extract based on the Kampo formula daikenchuto (Da Jian Zhong Tang) induces Bdnf expression and has neurotrophic effects in cultured cortical neurons.Journal of natural medicines · 2023Article
- Preparation of Red Ginseng Marc-Derived Gintonin and Its Application as a Skin Nutrient.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Gintonin Isolated from Ginseng Inhibits the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Induced by TGF-β in A549 Lung Cancer Cells.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Immunomodulatory, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Cancer Properties of Ginseng: A Pharmacological Update.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recently, we isolated a subset of glycolipoproteins from Panax ginseng, that we designated gintonin, and demonstrated that it induced [Ca2+]i transients in cells via G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling pathway(s). However, active components responsible for Ca2+ mobilization and the corresponding receptor(s) were unknown. Active component(s) for [Ca2+]i transients of gintonin were analyzed by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry and ion-mobility mass spectrometry, respectively. The corresponding receptor(s)were investigated through gene expression assays. We found that gintonin contains LPA C18:2 and other LPAs. Proteomic analysis showed that ginseng major latex-like protein and ribonuclease-like storage proteins are protein components of gintonin. Gintonin induced [Ca2+]i transients in B103 rat neuroblastoma cells transfected with human LPA receptors with high affinity in order of LPA2 >LPA5 > LPA1 > LPA3 > LPA4. The LPA1/LPA3 receptor antagonist Ki16425 blocked gintonin action in cells expressing LPA1 or LPA3. Mutations of binding sites in the LPA3 receptor attenuated gintonin action. Gintonin acted via pertussis toxin (PTX)-sensitive and -insensitive G protein-phospholipase C (PLC)-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3)-Ca2+ pathways. However, gintonin had no effects on other receptors examined. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) gintonin stimulated cell proliferation and migration. Gintonin stimulated ERK1/2 phosphorylation. PTX blocked gintonin-mediated migration and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. In PC12 cells gintonin induced morphological changes, which were blocked by Rho kinase inhibitorY-27632. Gintonin contains GPCR ligand LPAs in complexes with ginseng proteins and could be useful in the development of drugs targeting LPA receptors.
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