ArticleSchizophrenia bulletin2013
Second-generation antipsychotic medications and risk of pneumonia in schizophrenia.
Article in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 161 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clozapine and Pneumonia: Synthesizing the Link by Reviewing Existing Reports-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Pooled it
- Schizophrenia.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2020Pooled it
- Biological substantiation of antipsychotic-associated pneumonia: Systematic literature review and computational analyses.PloS one · 2017Pooled it
- Systematic Literature Review of the Methods Used to Compare Newer Second-Generation Agents for the Management of Schizophrenia: A focus on Health Technology Assessment.PharmacoEconomics · 2015Pooled it
- Toxicity of psychotropic drugs in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review.General hospital psychiatryPooled it
- What is behind the 17-year life expectancy gap between individuals with schizophrenia and the general population?Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- COPD and Schizophrenia.Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (Miami, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Pre- and Post- COVID-19 Pandemic Pneumonia Rates in Hospitalized Schizophrenia Patients.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Observational
- Lights and shadows of clozapine on the immune system in schizophrenia: a narrative literature review.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Review
- Predictors and shared traits of longevity within 1 year before death in patients with schizophrenia receiving long-term care: 3-year retrospective cross-sectional study.BJPsych open · 2024Article
- Article
- Evaluation of major adverse events of clozapine based on accordance to an international titration guideline.The mental health clinician · 2024Article
- Analysis of risk factors for hospital-acquired pneumonia in schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Review
- Comparative effectiveness of clozapine and non-clozapine atypical antipsychotics provided by the Brazilian National Health System in adults with schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Evaluation of the Effect of Barberry Root (Berberis Vulgaris) on the Prevention of Metabolic Syndrome Caused by Atypical Antipsychotic Drugs in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Three-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.Iranian journal of psychiatry · 2023Article
- The Impacts of Clozapine Use on the Risk and Outcomes of COVID-19 Disease in Patients with Schizophrenia.Noro psikiyatri arsivi · 2023Article
- Infections associated with clozapine: a pharmacovigilance study using VigiBaseFrontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Second to none: rationale, timing, and clinical management of clozapine use in schizophrenia.Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology · 2023Review
- Quetiapine-related acute lung injury: A case report.World journal of clinical cases · 2022Article
- COVID-related hospitalization, intensive care treatment, and all-cause mortality in patients with psychosis and treated with clozapine.European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study assessed the association between second-generation antipsychotic medications and risk of pneumonia requiring hospitalization in patients with schizophrenia because the evidence is limited in the population. We enrolled a nationwide cohort of 33,024 inpatients with schizophrenia ranged in age from 18 to 65 years, who were derived from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan from 2000 to 2008. Cases (n = 1741) were defined as patients who developed pneumonia after their first psychiatric admissions. Risk set sampling was used to match each case with 4 controls by age, sex, and the year of the first admission based on nested case-control study. Antipsychotic exposure was categorized by type, duration, and daily dose, and the association between exposure and pneumonia was assessed using conditional logistic regression. We found that current use of clozapine (adjusted risk ratio = 3.18, 95% CI: 2.62-3.86, P < .001) was associated with a dose-dependent increase in the risk. Although quetiapine, olanzapine, zotepine, and risperidone were associated with increased risk, there was no clear dose-dependent relationship. Amisulpride was associated with a low risk of pneumonia. The use of clozapine combined with another drug (olanzapine, quetiapine, zotepine, risperidone, or amisulpride), as assessed separately, was associated with increased risk for pneumonia. In addition, with the exception of amisulpride, each drug was associated with increased risk for pneumonia at the beginning of treatment. Clinicians who prescribe clozapine to patients with schizophrenia should closely monitor them for pneumonia, particularly at the start of therapy and when clozapine is combined with other antipsychotics.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.