Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22281279›Full record

ArticleBrain, behavior, and immunity2012

Environmental enrichment alters glial antigen expression and neuroimmune function in the adult rat hippocampus.

Lauren L Williamson, Agnes Chao, Staci D Bilbo

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
72citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
8.2field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

72 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 142 citations in OpenAlex.

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12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Lauren L WilliamsonDepartment of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA. llw8@duke.edu
Agnes Chao
Staci D Bilbo
Duke University · US

Funding

Early Life Infection, Neuroinflammation, and MemoryR01MH083698 · NIMH · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI BILBO, STACI D · 2009 to 2010
$889k
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH083698
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neurogenesis is a well-characterized phenomenon within the dentate gyrus (DG) of the adult hippocampus. Environmental enrichment (EE) in rodents increases neurogenesis, enhances cognition, and promotes recovery from injury. However, little is known about the effects of EE on glia (astrocytes and microglia). Given their importance in neural repair, we predicted that EE would modulate glial phenotype and/or function within the hippocampus. Adult male rats were housed either 12 h/day in an enriched environment or in a standard home cage. Rats were injected with BrdU at 1 week, and after 7 weeks, half of the rats from each housing group were injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and cytokine and chemokine expression was assessed within the periphery, hippocampus and cortex. Enriched rats had a markedly blunted pro-inflammatory response to LPS within the hippocampus. Specifically, expression of the chemokines Ccl2, Ccl3 and Cxcl2, several members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, and the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β were all significantly decreased following LPS administration in EE rats compared to controls. EE did not impact the inflammatory response to LPS in the cortex. Moreover, EE significantly increased both astrocyte (GFAP+) and microglia (Iba1+) antigen expression within the DG, but not in the CA1, CA3, or cortex. Measures of neurogenesis were not impacted by EE (BrdU and DCX staining), although hippocampal BDNF mRNA was significantly increased by EE. This study demonstrates the importance of environmental factors on the function of the immune system specifically within the brain, which can have profound effects on neural function.

Indexed as

EnvironmentNeurogenesisAnimalsAstrocytesBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorCalcium-Binding ProteinsChemokinesCorticosteroneCytokinesDentate GyrusDoublecortin ProteinGene ExpressionGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinHippocampusInflammation MediatorsLipopolysaccharidesAif1 protein, ratBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorCalcium-Binding ProteinsChemokinesCorticosteroneCytokinesDcx protein, ratDoublecortin ProteinGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinInflammation MediatorsLipopolysaccharidesMicrofilament Proteins

Identifiers

PMID22281279
PMCPMC3294275
OpenAlexW2072024872

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.