ArticleBMC public health2012
Political and social determinants of life expectancy in less developed countries: a longitudinal study.
Article in BMC public health, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Impact of Political Economy on Population Health: A Systematic Review of Reviews.American journal of public health · 2019Pooled it
- Determinants of life expectancy in high longevity countries: evidence from machine learning.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Association between C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index and all-cause mortality and premature death: a joint analysis based on case data from the Central Hospital of Shaoyang and CHARLS database.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Estimates of life expectancy and premature mortality among multidimensional poor and non-poor in India.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Impact of education and income inequalities on life expectancy: insights from the new EU members.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Health outcome convergence and the roles of public health financing and governance in Africa.PloS one · 2024Article
- The long-term effect of social, educational, and health expenditures on indicators of life expectancy: an empirical analysis for the OECD countries.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Analyzing the impact of energy consumption, the democratic process, and government service delivery on life expectancy: evidence from a global sample.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Article
- Six-Decade Trend Analysis of Life Expectancy at Birth in Asia, Regions of Asia and Iran: A Joinpoint Analysis.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2022Article
- The Impact of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) on Health Outcomes: A Mediating Effect Analysis Based on Cross-National Panel Data.Journal of environmental and public health · 2022Article
- Impacts from Economic Development and Environmental Factors on Life Expectancy: A Comparative Study Based on Data from Both Developed and Developing Countries from 2004 to 2016.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Life Expectancy in Chinese Cities: Spatially Varied Role of Socioeconomic Development, Population Structure, and Natural Conditions.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- The Power of Multidimensional Poverty in Explaining Life Expectancy: Empirical Evidence from Cross-Sectional Data of 62 Developing Countries.Iranian journal of public health · 2020Article
- Association between Cardiovascular Mortality and Economic Development: A Spatio-Temporal Study for Prefectures in Japan.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Poverty, Income, and Unemployment as Determinants of Life Expectancy: Empirical Evidence from Panel Data of Thirteen Malaysian States.Iranian journal of public health · 2020Article
- Spatial Characteristics of Life Expectancy and Geographical Detection of Its Influencing Factors in China.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- The slowing pace of life expectancy gains since 1950.BMC public health · 2018Article
- The Influence of Universal Health Coverage on Life Expectancy at Birth (LEAB) and Healthy Life Expectancy (HALE): A Multi-Country Cross-Sectional Study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2018Article
- Life Expectancy and its Socioeconomic Determinants in Iran.Electronic physician · 2016Article
- Examining the influence of country-level and health system factors on nursing and physician personnel production.Human resources for health · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study aimed to examine the longitudinal contributions of four political and socioeconomic factors to the increase in life expectancy in less developed countries (LDCs) between 1970 and 2004.
methodsWe collected 35 years of annual data for 119 LDCs on life expectancy at birth and on four key socioeconomic indicators: economy, measured by log10 gross domestic product per capita at purchasing power parity; educational environment, measured by the literacy rate of the adult population aged 15 years and over; nutritional status, measured by the proportion of undernourished people in the population; and political regime, measured by the regime score from the Polity IV database. Using linear mixed models, we analyzed the longitudinal effects of these multiple factors on life expectancy at birth with a lag of 0-10 years, adjusting for both time and regional correlations.
resultsThe LDCs' increases in life expectancy over time were associated with all four factors. Political regime had the least influence on increased life expectancy to begin with, but became significant starting in the 3rd year and continued to increase, while the impact of the other socioeconomic factors began strong but continually decreased over time. The combined effects of these four socioeconomic and political determinants contributed 54.74% - 98.16% of the life expectancy gains throughout the lag periods of 0-10 years.
conclusionsThough the effect of democratic politics on increasing life expectancy was relatively small in the short term when compared to the effects of the other socioeconomic factors, the long-term impact of democracy should not be underestimated.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.