Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22279113›Full record

ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2012

Determinants of the decline in mortality from acute myocardial infarction in England between 2002 and 2010: linked national database study.

Kate Smolina, F Lucy Wright, Mike Rayner, Michael J Goldacre

Erratum issuedOpen access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 152 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
152citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
24.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

152 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 382 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Oxygen therapy for acute myocardial infarction.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016
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92 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Kate SmolinaUnit of Health-Care Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Headington, Oxford, UK. kate.smolina@spc.ox.ac.uk
F Lucy Wright
Mike Rayner
Michael J Goldacre
Department of Health and Social Care · GBBritish Heart Foundation · GBCancer Research UK · GB

Funding

British Heart FoundationMedical Research Council
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo report trends in event and case fatality rates for acute myocardial infarction and examine the relative contributions of changes in these rates to changes in total mortality from acute myocardial infarction by sex, age, and geographical region between 2002 and 2010.

designPopulation based study using person linked routine hospital and mortality data.

settingEngland.

participants840,175 people of all ages who were admitted to hospital for acute myocardial infarction or died suddenly from acute myocardial infarction.

main outcome measuresAcute myocardial infarction event, 30 day case fatality, and total mortality rates.

resultsFrom 2002 to 2010 in England, the age standardised total mortality rate fell by about half, whereas the age standardised event and case fatality rates both declined by about one third. In men, the acute myocardial infarction event, case fatality, and total mortality rates declined at an average annual rate of, respectively, 4.8% (95% confidence interval 3.0% to 6.5%), 3.6% (3.4% to 3.7%), and 8.6% (5.4% to 11.6%). In women, the corresponding figures were 4.5% (1.7% to 7.1%), 4.2% (4.0% to 4.3%), and 9.1% (4.5% to 13.6%). Overall, the relative contributions of the reductions in event and case fatality rates to the decline in acute myocardial infarction mortality rate were, respectively, 57% and 43% in men and 52% and 48% in women; however, the relative contributions differed by age, sex, and geographical region.

conclusionsJust over half of the decline in deaths from acute myocardial infarction during the 2000s in England can be attributed to a decline in event rate and just less than half to improved survival at 30 days. Both prevention of acute myocardial infarction and acute medical treatment have contributed to the decline in deaths from acute myocardial infarction over the past decade.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsEnglandFemaleHospitalizationHumansMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial InfarctionSex FactorsSurvival RateTime Factors

Identifiers

PMID22279113
PMCPMC3266430
OpenAlexW2149516335

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.