Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22278842›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2012

Frequency of decreased susceptibility and resistance to echinocandins among fluconazole-resistant bloodstream isolates of Candida glabrata.

M A Pfaller, M Castanheira, S R Lockhart, A M Ahlquist, S A Messer, R N Jones

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 185 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
185citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
22.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

185 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 371 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Antifungal Stewardship in Invasive Fungal Infections, a Systematic Review.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Guideline
  4. Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Candidiasis: 2016 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2016
    Guideline
  5. Pooled it
  6. Trial
  7. Trial
  8. Evolution of Candidaemia and azole resistance in Italy: A multicentre retrospective study.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Multidistrict invasiveFrontiers in medicine · 2026
    Article
  14. Expression of 1,3-β-glucan synthase subunits inAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025
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  15. A benchmark dataset for validatingMicrobiology spectrum · 2025
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  16. Tn-seq screens inmSphere · 2025
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  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Anidulafungin is a useful surrogate marker for predictingJournal of clinical microbiology · 2025
    Article

125 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

M A PfallerJMI Laboratories, North Liberty, Iowa, USA. mike-pfaller@jmilabs.com
M Castanheira
S R Lockhart
A M Ahlquist
S A Messer
R N Jones
JMI Laboratories · USCenters for Disease Control and Prevention · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The echinocandin class of antifungal agents is considered to be the first-line treatment of bloodstream infections (BSI) due to Candida glabrata. Recent reports of BSI due to strains of C. glabrata resistant to both fluconazole and the echinocandins are of concern and prompted us to review the experience of two large surveillance programs, the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program for the years 2006 through 2010 and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention population-based surveillance conducted in 2008 to 2010. The in vitro susceptibilities of 1,669 BSI isolates of C. glabrata to fluconazole, voriconazole, anidulafungin, caspofungin, and micafungin were determined by CLSI broth microdilution methods. Fluconazole MICs of ≥64 μg/ml were considered resistant. Strains for which anidulafungin and caspofungin MICs were ≥0.5 μg/ml and for which micafungin MICs were ≥0.25 μg/ml were considered resistant. A total of 162 isolates (9.7%) were resistant to fluconazole, of which 98.8% were nonsusceptible to voriconazole (MIC > 0.5 μg/ml) and 9.3%, 9.3%, and 8.0% were resistant to anidulafungin, caspofungin, and micafungin, respectively. There were 18 fluconazole-resistant isolates that were resistant to one or more of the echinocandins (11.1% of all fluconazole-resistant isolates), all of which contained an acquired mutation in fks1 or fks2. By comparison, there were no echinocandin-resistant strains detected among 110 fluconazole-resistant isolates of C. glabrata tested in 2001 to 2004. These data document the broad emergence of coresistance over time to both azoles and echinocandins in clinical isolates of C. glabrata.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAntifungal AgentsCandida glabrataCandidemiaDrug Resistance, Multiple, FungalEchinocandinsFemaleFluconazoleFungal ProteinsGlucosyltransferasesHumansMaleMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMiddle AgedMutation, MissenseAntifungal AgentsEchinocandinsFluconazoleFungal ProteinsGlucosyltransferases

Identifiers

PMID22278842
PMCPMC3318516
OpenAlexW1972692992

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.