ArticleTherapeutic advances in neurological disorders2012
Smoking: effects on multiple sclerosis susceptibility and disease progression.
Article in Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 179 citations in OpenAlex.
- Smoking and disability outcomes in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Pooled it
- Vitamin D in early life and later risk of multiple sclerosis-A systematic review, meta-analysis.PloS one · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Risk of Multiple Sclerosis Among Persons with Epstein Barr Virus-Positive Mononucleosis: A Population-Based Study.Neurology open access · 2026Article
- Temporal Trends in the Incidence and Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in Sweden, 2001-2021.Neuroepidemiology · 2026Article
- Viral associations in multiple sclerosis: pathogenetic mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Virology journal · 2026Review
- Challenges and Innovation for Diagnosing and Treatment of Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Opioid Signaling in Multiple Sclerosis: Emerging Targets for Repair.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Bioactive Phytochemicals in Experimental Models of Multiple Sclerosis: Mechanisms, Efficacy, and Translational Potential.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Multiple sclerosis pathophysiology: a comprehensive review of genetic, environmental, and immunological drivers.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Review
- Parental smoking before childbirth and multiple sclerosis onset in their child: a case-control study.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2025Article
- Management and Prevention of Neurodegenerative Disorders: Can Antioxidant-Rich Dietary Interventions Help?Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Review
- Attenuating the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model improves preclinical evaluation of candidate multiple sclerosis therapeutics.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Multiple sclerosis in Denmark (1950-2023): mean age, sex distribution, incidence and prevalence.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Sex differences in relapse-independent and relapse-associated disability progression in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a real-world inverse-probability weighted study.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2025Article
- The refined Pathways to Cures Research Roadmap for multiple sclerosis cures.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2024Article
- An extensible and unifying approach to retrospective clinical data modeling: the BrainTeaser Ontology.Journal of biomedical semantics · 2024Article
- An Overview of Multiple Sclerosis In Vitro Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with both genetic and environmental factors that influence disease susceptibility. Exposure to cigarette smoke is emerging as a viable environmental risk factor for MS that contributes to both increased disease susceptibility and more rapid disease advancement. The relative risk for MS development is approximately 1.5 for smokers compared with nonsmokers. Furthermore, there may be important interactions between smoking, an individual's genetic background, and other environmental risk exposures. This review summarizes the current evidence supporting the association of smoking with MS risk and disease course, with additional comments on causation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.