Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22275832›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2012

Investigation of glucose-modified liposomes using polyethylene glycols with different chain lengths as the linkers for brain targeting.

Fulan Xie, Nian Yao, Yao Qin, Qianyu Zhang, Huali Chen, Mingqing Yuan, Jie Tang, Xiankun Li, Wei Fan, Qiang Zhang and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 139 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. Transporter-Mediated Drug Delivery.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Fulan XieKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17 Block 3 Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
Nian Yao
Yao Qin
Qianyu Zhang
Huali Chen
Mingqing Yuan
Jie Tang
Xiankun Li
Wei Fan
Qiang Zhang
Yong Wu
Li Hai
Qin He
Sichuan University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAn intimidating challenge to transporting drugs into the brain parenchyma is the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Glucose is an essential nutritional substance for brain function sustenance, which cannot be synthesized by the brain. Its transport primarily depends on the glucose transporters on the brain capillary endothelial cells. In this paper, the brain-targeted properties of glucose-modified liposomes using polyethylene glycols with different chain lengths as the linkers were compared and evaluated to establish an optimized drug-delivery system.

methodsCoumarin 6-loaded liposomes (GLU200-LIP, GLU400-LIP, GLU1000-LIP, and GLU2000-LIP) composed of phospholipids and glucose-derived cholesterols were prepared by thin-film dispersion-ultrasound method. The BBB model in vitro was developed to evaluate the transendothelial ability of the different liposomes crossing the BBB. The biodistribution of liposomes in the mice brains was identified by in vivo and ex vivo nearinfrared fluorescence imaging and confocal laser scanning microscopy and further analyzed quantitatively by high-performance liquid chromatography.

resultsGlucose-derived cholesterols were synthesized and identified, and coumarin 6-loaded liposomes were prepared successfully. The particle sizes of the four types of glucose-modified liposomes were around or smaller than 100 nm with a polydispersity index less than 0.300. GLU400-LIP, GLU1000-LIP, and GLU2000-LIP achieved higher cumulative cleared volumes on BBB model in vitro after 6 hours compared with GLU200-LIP (P < 0.05) and were significantly higher than that of the conventional liposome (P < 0.001). The qualitative and quantitative biodistribution results in the mice showed that the accumulation of GLU1000-LIP in the brain was the highest among all the groups (P < 0.01 versus LIP).

conclusionThe data indicated that GLU400-LIP, GLU1000-LIP, and GLU2000-LIP all possess the potential of brain targeting, among which GLU1000-LIP, as a promising drug-delivery system, exhibited the strongest brain delivery capacity.

Indexed as

Analysis of VarianceAnimalsBlood-Brain BarrierBrainBrain ChemistryCoumarinsDrug Delivery SystemsDrug StabilityGlucoseLiposomesMicePolyethylene GlycolsSpectroscopy, Near-InfraredThiazolesTissue Distributioncoumarin 6CoumarinsGlucoseLiposomesPolyethylene GlycolsThiazolesBBBbrain-targetedglucoseliposomepolyethylene glycols

Identifiers

PMID22275832
PMCPMC3263409
OpenAlexW1714678118

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.