ReviewThe AAPS journal2012
Covariate pharmacokinetic model building in oncology and its potential clinical relevance.
Review in The AAPS journal, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fixed Dosing of Leuprolide Acetate, a GnRH Agonist, in Children with Central Precocious Puberty: A Population Pharmacokinetic Justification.Paediatric drugs · 2026Trial
- Prognostic Value of a Joint K-PD Model With Tumor Size Dynamics and CA-125 Kinetics in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer Patients: BOLD Phase II GINECO Study.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2025Trial
- Topotecan clearance based on a single sample and a population pharmacokinetic model: Application to a pediatric high-risk neuroblastoma clinical trial.Pediatric blood & cancer · 2023Trial
- A Pharmacokinetic Study of Methylphenidate Hydrochloride Multilayer Extended-Release Capsules (Aptensio XRPaediatric drugs · 2020Trial
- Exposure-Toxicity Association of Cyclophosphamide and Its Metabolites in Infants and Young Children with Primary Brain Tumors: Implications for Dosing.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2020Trial
- Bayesian Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Eltrombopag in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2019Trial
- Clinical Predictors of Venetoclax Pharmacokinetics in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Patients: a Pooled Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis.The AAPS journal · 2016Trial
- Age-Dependent Pharmacokinetics of Doxorubicin in Children with Cancer.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2015Trial
- Pharmacokinetics of bleomycin in dogs treated with electrochemotherapy.The veterinary quarterly · 2026Article
- Variance-Consistent Covariate Modeling from Posterior Summaries in Population Pharmacokinetics.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Article
- Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Niraparib to Assess Different Absorption Models.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Identifying Predictors of Lung Volume in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Surgery: A STROBE-Compliant Retrospective Cross-Sectional Chest Computed Tomography Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Examining the Reliability of Model-Based Meta-Analysis (MBMA) Outcomes: A Simulation Study.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2026Article
- Aggregate data modelling: A fast implementation for fitting pharmacometrics models to summary-level data in R.Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics · 2025Article
- Use of population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling to inform antimalarial dose optimization in infants.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Review
- Generation of realistic virtual adult populations using a model-based copula approach.Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics · 2024Article
- Go beyond the limits of genetic algorithm in daily covariate selection practice.Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics · 2024Article
- Advancing Precision Medicine: A Review of Innovative In Silico Approaches for Drug Development, Clinical Pharmacology and Personalized Healthcare.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Population pharmacokinetics of methotrexate and 7-hydroxymethotrexate and delayed excretion in infants and young children with brain tumors.European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences · 2024Article
- A Population Pharmacokinetic Model of Pentobarbital for Children with Status Epilepticus and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
When modeling pharmacokinetic (PK) data, identifying covariates is important in explaining interindividual variability, and thus increasing the predictive value of the model. Nonlinear mixed-effects modeling with stepwise covariate modeling is frequently used to build structural covariate models, and the most commonly used software-NONMEM-provides estimations for the fixed-effect parameters (e.g., drug clearance), interindividual and residual unidentified random effects. The aim of covariate modeling is not only to find covariates that significantly influence the population PK parameters, but also to provide dosing recommendations for a certain drug under different conditions, e.g., organ dysfunction, combination chemotherapy. A true covariate is usually seen as one that carries unique information on a structural model parameter. Covariate models have improved our understanding of the pharmacology of many anticancer drugs, including busulfan or melphalan that are part of high-dose pretransplant treatments, the antifolate methotrexate whose elimination is strongly dependent on GFR and comedication, the taxanes and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, the latter being subject of cytochrome p450 3A4 (CYP3A4) associated metabolism. The purpose of this review article is to provide a tool to help understand population covariate analysis and their potential implications for the clinic. Accordingly, several population covariate models are listed, and their clinical relevance is discussed. The target audience of this article are clinical oncologists with a special interest in clinical and mathematical pharmacology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.