ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2012
Independent effects of HIV, aging, and HAART on brain volumetric measures.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02571504 (Brain Imaging to Understand HIV-associated Neurocognitive Disorder and Predict Response to Cognitive Training), which is not on this map. Cited by 168 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Brain Imaging to Understand HIV-associated Neurocognitive Disorder and Predict Response to Cognitive Training
Who cites it
168 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 243 citations in OpenAlex.
- Application of Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) in the Diagnosis of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND): A Meta-Analysis and a System Review.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of brain metabolite differences in HIV infection.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2020Pooled it
- Different roles of frontal versus striatal atrophy in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Human brain mapping · 2019Pooled it
- Brain Structural Changes following HIV Infection: Meta-Analysis.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2018Pooled it
- Resting-state neural signatures of depressive symptoms in acute HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2020Trial
- Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation combined with cognitive training on cognitive functioning in older adults with HIV: A pilot study.Applied neuropsychology. AdultTrial
- Cross-sectional observational study evaluating social brain health in HIV using a research domain criteria-based approach: a protocol.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Elevated neurotransmitter levels in people with HIV are associated with attention function.Neurobiology of disease · 2026Article
- Cortical White and Grey Matter Volume Differences Associated with Plasma Cytokine and Chemokine Levels in PLWH in Cape Town.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Cortical folding pattern of asymptomatic HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.BMC medical imaging · 2025Article
- Combination antiretroviral therapy prevents SIV-induced aging in the hippocampus and neurodegeneration throughout the brain.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Article
- Social cognition abilities in people with HIV: the role of stigma and other factors.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Review
- The relationship between social network size and brain structure in older adults living with HIV.Brain imaging and behavior · 2025Article
- The Effects of Prescribed Medications on Depressive Symptoms and Neurocognitive Performance in People With HIV.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Functional and Structural Network Alterations in HIV-Associated Asymptomatic Neurocognitive Disorders: Evidence for Functional Disruptions Preceding Structural Changes.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2025Article
- HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND) and Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis: Future Directions for Diagnosis and Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Neurological impact of HIV/AIDS and substance use alters brain function and structure.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Review
- Increased Peripheral Inflammation Is Associated With Structural Brain Changes and Reduced Blood Flow in People With Virologically Controlled HIV.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Comparison of Resting State Functional Connectivity in Persons With and Without HIV: A Cross-sectional Study.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Resting state network connectivity alterations in HIV: Parallels with aging.Human brain mapping · 2023Article
108 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNeurocognitive impairment remains prevalent in HIV-infected (HIV+) individuals despite highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). We assessed the impact of HIV, HAART, and aging using structural neuroimaging.
methodsSeventy-eight participants [HIV- (n = 26), HIV+ on stable HAART (HIV+/HAART+; n = 26), HIV+ naive to HAART (HIV+/HAART-; n = 26)] completed neuroimaging and neuropsychological testing. A subset of HIV+ subjects (n = 12) performed longitudinal assessments before and after initiating HAART. Neuropsychological tests evaluated memory, psychomotor speed, and executive function, and a composite neuropsychological score was calculated based on normalized performances (neuropsychological summary Z score, NPZ-4). Volumetrics were evaluated for the amygdala, caudate, thalamus, hippocampus, putamen, corpus callosum, and cerebral gray and white matter. A 3-group 1-way analysis of variance assessed differences in neuroimaging and neuropsychological indices. Correlations were examined between NPZ-4 and volumetrics. Exploratory testing using a broken-stick regression model evaluated self-reported duration of HIV infection on brain structure.
resultsHIV+ individuals had significant reductions in brain volumetrics within select subcortical regions (amygdala, caudate, and corpus callosum) compared with HIV- participants. However, HAART did not affect brain structure as regional volumes were similar for HIV+/HAART- and HIV+/HAART+. No association existed between NPZ-4 and volumetrics. HIV and aging were independently associated with volumetric reductions. Exploratory analyses suggest caudate atrophy due to HIV slowly occurs after self-reported seroconversion.
conclusionsHIV associated volumetric reductions within the amygdala, caudate, and corpus callosum occurs despite HAART. A gradual decline in caudate volume occurs after self-reported seroconversion. HIV and aging independently increase brain vulnerability. Additional longitudinal structural magnetic resonance imaging studies, especially within older HIV+ participants, are required.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.