Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22265407›Full record

ArticleCell2012

A recently evolved transcriptional network controls biofilm development in Candida albicans.

Clarissa J Nobile, Emily P Fox, Jeniel E Nett, Trevor R Sorrells, Quinn M Mitrovich, Aaron D Hernday, Brian B Tuch, David R Andes, Alexander D Johnson

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 444 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
444citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

444 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. A systematic review on the implication of Candida in peri-implantitis.International journal of implant dentistry · 2021
    Pooled it
  2. Two Ume6 target gene classes in the biofilm regulatory network ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. The unique Efg1 fungal virulence regulon in the catheterized bladder environment.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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  6. Paralogs of thebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
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  16. Impact ofmSphere · 2026
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384 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Clarissa J NobileDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94102, USA. clarissa.nobile@ucsf.edu
Emily P Fox
Jeniel E Nett
Trevor R Sorrells
Quinn M Mitrovich
Aaron D Hernday
Brian B Tuch
David R Andes
Alexander D Johnson

Funding

Regulatory Circuits and Virulence in Candida albicansR01AI049187 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI JOHNSON, ALEXANDER D · 2001 to 2021
$13.1M
RESEARCH TRAINING IN HEMATOLOGYT32HL007899 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI Jane Ellen Churpek · 1998 to 2026
$8.2M
Vesicle-mediated drug resistance of Candida albicans biofilmR01AI073289 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI ANDES, DAVID R, MITCHELL, AARON P · 2008 to 2025
$7.9M
Microbial Pathogenesis and Host DefenseT32AI060537 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Joanne N. Engel · 2004 to 2026
$6.5M
The transcriptional circuitry controlling biofilm development in Candida albicansR01AI083311 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI JOHNSON, ALEXANDER D · 2011 to 2020
$4.3M
The transcriptional network controlling Candida albicans biofilm formationF32AI088822 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI NOBILE, CLARISSA JANE · 2010 to 2011
$107k
NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL007899NIAID NIH HHS F32 AI088822NIAID NIH HHS F32AI088822NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI049187NIAID NIH HHS R01AI049187NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI073289NIAID NIH HHS R01AI073289NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI083311NIAID NIH HHS R01AI083311NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI060537NIAID NIH HHS T32AI060537
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A biofilm is an organized, resilient group of microbes in which individual cells acquire properties, such as drug resistance, that are distinct from those observed in suspension cultures. Here, we describe and analyze the transcriptional network controlling biofilm formation in the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans, whose biofilms are a major source of medical device-associated infections. We have combined genetic screens, genome-wide approaches, and two in vivo animal models to describe a master circuit controlling biofilm formation, composed of six transcription regulators that form a tightly woven network with ∼1,000 target genes. Evolutionary analysis indicates that the biofilm network has rapidly evolved: genes in the biofilm circuit are significantly weighted toward genes that arose relatively recently with ancient genes being underrepresented. This circuit provides a framework for understanding many aspects of biofilm formation by C. albicans in a mammalian host. It also provides insights into how complex cell behaviors can arise from the evolution of transcription circuits.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularGene Expression Regulation, FungalGene Regulatory NetworksAnimalsBiofilmsCandida albicansCandidiasis, OralCandidiasis, VulvovaginalCatheter-Related InfectionsDisease Models, AnimalFemaleGene Expression ProfilingGenes, FungalMaleMicroscopy, ConfocalRats

Identifiers

PMID22265407
PMCPMC3266547

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.