ArticleBMC cancer2012
Cholesterol and the risk of grade-specific prostate cancer incidence: evidence from two large prospective cohort studies with up to 37 years' follow up.
Article in BMC cancer, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06860425 (Use of a Comprehensive, Mobile Application to Assist Cancer Patients With Diet, Nutrition and Activity), which is not on this map. Cited by 73 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Use of a Comprehensive, Mobile Application to Assist Cancer Patients With Diet, Nutrition and Activity
Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 139 citations in OpenAlex.
- Plasma total cholesterol concentration and risk of higher-grade prostate cancer: A nested case-control study and a dose-response meta-analysis.International journal of cancer · 2023Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of the associations between body mass index, prostate cancer, advanced prostate cancer, and prostate-specific antigen.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2020Pooled it
- Association between Adult Height and Risk of Colorectal, Lung, and Prostate Cancer: Results from Meta-analyses of Prospective Studies and Mendelian Randomization Analyses.PLoS medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Role of PCSK9 in hallmarks of cancer: From mechanisms to interventions (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- Squalene synthase induces ERα expression via cholesterol supplementation to confer statin resistance in lung cancer cells.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- Tumor Cholesterol Synthesis, Statin Use, and Lethal Prostate Cancer.Molecular cancer research : MCR · 2025Article
- Dietary saturated fatty acids and prostate cancer: insights into NF-κB pathway and lipid metabolism mechanisms.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics and risk of pancreatic cancer: a prospective analysis in the UK Biobank.Journal of gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Cholesterol biosynthesis induced by radiotherapy inhibits cGAS-STING activation and contributes to colorectal cancer treatment resistance.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Associating serum testosterone levels with African ancestral prostate cancer health disparities.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Associations between green tea drinking and body mass index, serum lipid profile and prostate-specific antigen in a Ghanaian population: a cross-sectional study.BMC nutrition · 2025Article
- Squalene monooxygenase (SQLE) protects ovarian cancer cells from ferroptosis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Cholesterol Metabolism and Urinary System Tumors.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Article
- Investigating the Relationship between Body Mass Index, Cholesterol, and Cancer in United States Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Association between total cholesterol levels and all-cause mortality among newly diagnosed patients with cancer.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Cholesterol metabolism in tumor microenvironment: cancer hallmarks and therapeutic opportunities.International journal of biological sciences · 2024Review
- Regulating Cholesterol in Tumorigenesis: A Novel Paradigm for Tumor Nanotherapeutics.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Review
- Effect of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibition on cancer events: A pooled, post hoc, competing risk analysis of alirocumab clinical trials.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- The evolving landscape of PCSK9 inhibition in cancer.European journal of pharmacology · 2023Review
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHigh cholesterol may be a modifiable risk factor for prostate cancer but results have been inconsistent and subject to potential "reverse causality" where undetected disease modifies cholesterol prior to diagnosis.
methodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study of 12,926 men who were enrolled in the Midspan studies between 1970 and 1976 and followed up to 31st December 2007. We used Cox-Proportional Hazards Models to evaluate the association between baseline plasma cholesterol and Gleason grade-specific prostate cancer incidence. We excluded cancers detected within at least 5 years of cholesterol assay.
results650 men developed prostate cancer in up to 37 years' follow-up. Baseline plasma cholesterol was positively associated with hazard of high grade (Gleason score≥8) prostate cancer incidence (n = 119). The association was greatest among men in the 2nd highest quintile for cholesterol, 6.1 to < 6.69 mmol/l, Hazard Ratio 2.28, 95% CI 1.27 to 4.10, compared with the baseline of < 5.05 mmol/l. This association remained significant after adjustment for body mass index, smoking and socioeconomic status.
conclusionsMen with higher cholesterol are at greater risk of developing high-grade prostate cancer but not overall risk of prostate cancer. Interventions to minimise metabolic risk factors may have a role in reducing incidence of aggressive prostate cancer.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.