ReviewNutrients2011
Regulation of inflammation by short chain fatty acids.
Review in Nutrients, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 881 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Short-chain Fatty Acids, Here Sodium Propionate, a Metabolism Product of the Human Gut-microbiome, on Inflammatory and Metabolic Parameters in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis - a Pilot Study
Full-fat Yogurt and Glucose Tolerance
Who cites it
881 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,658 citations in OpenAlex.
- Zearalenone exposure and the mammalian gut microbiome: a systematic review of the literature.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2026Pooled it
- Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease: a Systematic Review of Mechanistic Insights.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Pooled it
- The Role of Gut Microbiota in Pediatric Obesity and Metabolic Disorders: Insights from a Comprehensive Review.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Comparison of the gut microbiota in older people with and without sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Association between pro-inflammatory diet and ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of Probiotic Supplementation on Gut Microbiota in Children with Autism: A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial.Nutrients · 2026Trial
- The role of gut microbiome in aging-associated diseases: where do we stand now and how technology will transform the future.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- The cervicovaginal gut microbiota axis as a key determinant of systemic physiology.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Intersections of gastrointestinal dysbiosis of the gut microbiome and aging.World journal of gastrointestinal pathophysiology · 2026Review
- Article
- Chronic administration of a calafate (Berberis microphylla) polyphenol-rich extract modulates gut microbiota and metabolic homeostasis associated with thermogenic activation in high-fat diet-fed mice.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2026Article
- Sodium Butyrate MitigatesVeterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Metabolic shifts driven by host-microbial interactions.The FEBS journal · 2026Review
- Modulating the Gut-Microbiota-Brain Axis in Alzheimer's Disease: Therapeutic Potential of Nutritional and Metabolic Factors.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Gut-lung axis in chronic respiratory diseases: a narrative review of emerging insights.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Review
- Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Pathophysiological Roles and Therapeutic Potential.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Microbiota-derived 10-hydroxystearic acid activates PPARα to restore gut epithelial barrier integrity and enhance anti-retroviral therapy.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- Beyond Weight Loss: Gut Microenvironment Modulation to Enhance Cardiometabolic Outcomes and Long-Term Adherence During Incretin-Based Therapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Microbiota-metabolite axis in endometriosis: Pathogenic mechanisms and clinical implications.Journal of biomedical research · 2026Article
- Cognitive Impairment Associated with Chemotherapy: Neuroimmunological Interactions, Gut-Brain Axis, and Therapeutic Approaches.Brain sciences · 2026Review
821 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) acetate (C(2)), propionate (C(3)) and butyrate (C(4)) are the main metabolic products of anaerobic bacteria fermentation in the intestine. In addition to their important role as fuel for intestinal epithelial cells, SCFAs modulate different processes in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract such as electrolyte and water absorption. These fatty acids have been recognized as potential mediators involved in the effects of gut microbiota on intestinal immune function. SCFAs act on leukocytes and endothelial cells through at least two mechanisms: activation of GPCRs (GPR41 and GPR43) and inhibiton of histone deacetylase (HDAC). SCFAs regulate several leukocyte functions including production of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10), eicosanoids and chemokines (e.g., MCP-1 and CINC-2). The ability of leukocytes to migrate to the foci of inflammation and to destroy microbial pathogens also seems to be affected by the SCFAs. In this review, the latest research that describes how SCFAs regulate the inflammatory process is presented. The effects of these fatty acids on isolated cells (leukocytes, endothelial and intestinal epithelial cells) and, particularly, on the recruitment and activation of leukocytes are discussed. Therapeutic application of these fatty acids for the treatment of inflammatory pathologies is also highlighted.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.