ArticlePediatrics2012
Maternal asthma medication use and the risk of selected birth defects.
Article in Pediatrics, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Maternal drug use and the risk of anorectal malformations: systematic review and meta-analysis.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2018Pooled it
- Case-malformed signal detection and prioritisation using EUROmediCAT data for pharmacovigilance in pregnancy.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Intestinal Atresia in Finland: Maternal Risk Factors, Prevalence, Associated Anomalies and Survival.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Article
- Use of Biologics to Treat Asthma during Pregnancy and Adverse Events in Pregnant Women and Newborns: A Global Pharmacovigilance Analysis.International archives of allergy and immunology · 2025Article
- Infertility, pregnancy loss and assisted reproduction in women with asthma: a population-based cohort study.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2022Observational
- The safety of asthma medications during pregnancy and lactation: Clinical management and research priorities.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2021Article
- A multi-country study of prevalence and early childhood mortality among children with omphalocele.Birth defects research · 2020Article
- Uncontrolled maternal chronic respiratory diseases in pregnancy: A new potential risk factor suggested to be associated with anorectal malformations in offspring.Birth defects research · 2019Article
- What is safe enough - asthma in pregnancy - a review of current literature and recommendations.Asthma research and practice · 2018Review
- Risk of congenital anomalies after exposure to asthma medication in the first trimester of pregnancy - a cohort linkage study.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2016Article
- Asthma medication prescribing before, during and after pregnancy: a study in seven European regions.BMJ open · 2016Article
- Anorectal malformation: the etiological factors.Pediatric surgery international · 2015Review
- Next steps for birth defects research and prevention: The birth defects study to evaluate pregnancy exposures (BD-STEPS).Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology · 2015Article
- Asthma in pregnancy: a hit for two.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2014Review
- Self-reported maternal cigarette smoke exposure during the periconceptional period and the risk for omphalocoele.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2014Article
- Is maternal use of medicines during pregnancy associated with deciduous molar hypomineralisation in the offspring? A prospective, population-based study.Drug safety · 2013Article
- Safety of bronchodilators and corticosteroids for asthma during pregnancy: what we know and what we need to do better.Journal of asthma and allergy · 2013Review
- Asthma Medication Use and Risk of Birth Defects: National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2011.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practiceArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesApproximately 4% to 12% of pregnant women have asthma; few studies have examined the effects of maternal asthma medication use on birth defects. We examined whether maternal asthma medication use during early pregnancy increased the risk of selected birth defects.
methodsNational Birth Defects Prevention Study data for 2853 infants with 1 or more selected birth defects (diaphragmatic hernia, esophageal atresia, small intestinal atresia, anorectal atresia, neural tube defects, omphalocele, or limb deficiencies) and 6726 unaffected control infants delivered from October 1997 through December 2005 were analyzed. Mothers of cases and controls provided telephone interviews of medication use and additional potential risk factors. Exposure was defined as maternal periconceptional (1 month prior through the third month of pregnancy) asthma medication use (bronchodilator or anti-inflammatory). Associations between maternal periconceptional asthma medication use and individual major birth defects were estimated by using adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).
resultsNo statistically significant associations were observed for maternal periconceptional asthma medication use and most defects studied; however, positive associations were observed between maternal asthma medication use and isolated esophageal atresia (bronchodilator use: aOR = 2.39, 95%CI = 1.23, 4.66), isolated anorectal atresia (anti-inflammatory use: aOR = 2.12, 95%CI = 1.09, 4.12), and omphalocele (bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory use: aOR = 4.13, 95%CI = 1.43, 11.95).
conclusionsPositive associations were observed for anorectal atresia, esophageal atresia, and omphalocele and maternal periconceptional asthma medication use, but not for other defects studied. It is possible that observed associations may be chance findings or may be a result of maternal asthma severity and related hypoxia rather than medication use.
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