ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2012
Sequential class switching is required for the generation of high affinity IgE antibodies.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 147 papers.
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Who cites it
147 citing papers in PubMed, 269 citations in OpenAlex.
- Allergen-specific IgGThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2020Trial
- Oral immunotherapy combined with omalizumab for high-risk cow's milk allergy: a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2017Trial
- B cell-intrinsic Ssu72 phosphatase is a key regulator of allergic asthma.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Interleukin-4-producing type 2 innate lymphoid cells in the lymph node promote proallergic Tfh13 cell differentiation.Immunity · 2026Article
- IgE Production Beyond Classical T-Cell Help.Immune network · 2026Review
- Allergic Sensitization to Inhalant Allergens in the Upper Respiratory Tract-the B Cell Side.Allergy · 2026Review
- Multiple roads to IgE memory: A pluralistic model of IgE immunity.Cell reports · 2026Review
- Mixed Signals: T Cells as Architects of IgE Immunity.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of IgE-mediated food allergy and the role of allergen-specific B cells.FEBS letters · 2026Review
- DOCK8 and STAT3 cooperate to restrain IgE-inducing T follicular helper cells.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Oral Immunotherapy-Induced Changes in IgE, IgG, and IgA: A Review of Antibody Isotype Shifts and Their Clinical Relevance in Food Allergy.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Allergic Reactivity and Memory Occur Independently of Sequential Switching Through IgG1.Allergy · 2025Article
- Advances in Food Allergy Immunotherapy: Current Strategies and Role of Antibodies Isotypes.Cells · 2025Review
- Maternal IgE Influence on Fetal and Infant Health.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Lung-resident memory B cells maintain allergic IgE responses in the respiratory tract.Immunity · 2025Article
- Polarization of the memory B-cell response.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2025Review
- Progressively differentiated TNature immunology · 2025Article
- Type 2 immunity in allergic diseases.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Review
87 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
IgE antibodies with high affinity for their antigens can be stably cross-linked at low concentrations by trace amounts of antigen, whereas IgE antibodies with low affinity bind their antigens weakly. In this study, we find that there are two distinct pathways to generate high and low affinity IgE. High affinity IgE is generated through sequential class switching (μ→γ→ε) in which an intermediary IgG phase is necessary for the affinity maturation of the IgE response, where the IgE inherits somatic hypermutations and high affinity from the IgG1 phase. In contrast, low affinity IgE is generated through direct class switching (μ→ε) and is much less mutated. Mice deficient in IgG1 production cannot produce high affinity IgE, even after repeated immunizations. We demonstrate that a small amount of high affinity IgE can cause anaphylaxis and is pathogenic. Low affinity IgE competes with high affinity IgE for binding to Fcε receptors and prevents anaphylaxis and is thus beneficial.
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