ArticleClinical science (London, England : 1979)2012
Glutamine and glutathione at ICU admission in relation to outcome.
Article in Clinical science (London, England : 1979), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Systematic review regarding metabolic profiling for improved pathophysiological understanding of disease and outcome prediction in respiratory infections.Respiratory research · 2015Pooled it
- Enteral glutamine supplementation in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Critical care (London, England) · 2015Pooled it
- Glutamine Supplementation in Intensive Care Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.Medicine · 2015Pooled it
- Parenteral glutamine supplementation in critical illness: a systematic review.Critical care (London, England) · 2014Pooled it
- The effect of glutamine therapy on outcomes in critically ill patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Critical care (London, England) · 2014Pooled it
- Gastrointestinal Tolerance of Low, Medium and High Dose Acute Oral l-Glutamine Supplementation in Healthy Adults: A Pilot Study.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Role of heat shock protein and cytokine expression as markers of clinical outcomes with glutamine-supplemented parenteral nutrition in surgical ICU patients.Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2020Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Glutamine-supplemented Parenteral Nutrition in Surgical ICU Patients: An American Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.Annals of surgery · 2016Trial
- Glutamine and antioxidants in the critically ill patient: a post hoc analysis of a large-scale randomized trial.JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition · 2015Trial
- Prolonged continuous intravenous infusion of the dipeptide L-alanine- L-glutamine significantly increases plasma glutamine and alanine without elevating brain glutamate in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.Critical care (London, England) · 2014Trial
- Endogenous glutamine production in critically ill patients: the effect of exogenous glutamine supplementation.Critical care (London, England) · 2014Trial
- Trial
- Article
- Blocking glutamine transport normalizes lymphatic vessels in hypoxic environments by attenuating glycolysis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Gastrointestinal axis in post-traumatic sepsis: from molecular mechanisms to translational perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Amino Acid Nutrition in Poultry: A Review.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Low, Intermediate, and High Glutamine Levels Are Progressively Associated with Increased Lymphopenia, a Diminished Inflammatory Response, and Higher Mortality in Internal Medicine Patients with Sepsis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- The Japanese Critical Care Nutrition Guideline 2024.Journal of intensive care · 2025Review
- Integrated time-series biochemical, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses reveal key metabolites and signaling pathways in the liver of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glutamine depletion is demonstrated to be an independent predictor of hospital mortality in ICU (intensive care unit) patients. Today glutamine supplementation is recommended to ICU patients on parenteral nutrition. In addition to glutamine, glutathione may be a limiting factor in ICU patients with MOF (multiple organ failure). To study the prevalence of glutamine and glutathione depletion an observational study was performed. The results were analysed in relation to mortality and the conventional predictors of mortality outcome, APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II) and SOFA (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment). Consecutive patients admitted to the ICU at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge were studied. Patient admission scoring of APACHE II and SOFA were registered as well as mortality up to 6 months. Plasma glutamine concentration and whole blood glutathione status at admittance were analysed. The admission plasma glutamine concentrations were totally independent of the conventional risk scoring at admittance, and a subnormal concentration was an independent predictor of mortality. In addition, glutathione redox status was also an independent mortality predictor, but here a normal ratio was the risk factor. In both cases the mortality risk was mainly confined to the post-ICU period. A low plasma concentration of glutamine at ICU admission is an independent risk factor for post-ICU mortality. The possible benefit of extending glutamine supplementation post-ICU should be evaluated prospectively.
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