ArticleHeart rhythm2012
Estradiol promotes sudden cardiac death in transgenic long QT type 2 rabbits while progesterone is protective.
Article in Heart rhythm, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 138 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ovulatory and anovulatory cycle phase influences on QT interval dynamics during the menstrual cycle.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Variable expressivity in long QT syndrome type 2 rabbits defines a low threshold for therapeuticAmerican journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2026Article
- Optical mapping: pioneering the frontier of preclinical antiarrhythmic drug evaluation.iScience · 2026Review
- Mechano-electrical feedback in transgenic rabbit models of long QT syndrome Type 2 and short QT syndrome Type 1.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2026Article
- Effect of estrogen and testosterone on cardiac electrophysiology and atrial fibrillation.Heart rhythm O2 · 2026Review
- 17β-Estradiol Does Not Designate Non-Sex-Specific Early Ventricular Arrhythmia in Acute Myocardial Infarction, in Contrast to C-Reactive Protein.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Progesterone signaling in cardio-renal physiology and pathophysiology.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Inhibitory effect of oestradiol on the cardiac KExperimental physiology · 2026Article
- Sex differences in human atrial electrophysiology: the dark side of the moon? Will engineered heart tissue help to bring light into the darkness?Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Evaluation of Prognosis and Risk Factors of Fulminant Myocarditis Complicated with Malignant Arrhythmia.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025Article
- Beneficial action potential duration-shortening effects, but deleterious negative inotropism of IKs-activator docosahexaenoyl glycine in long QT syndrome type 2.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2025Article
- Early menopause as an independent risk factor for postoperative atrial fibrillation in women undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: a retrospective cohort study.BMC women's health · 2025Article
- NaInternational journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2025Article
- Sex and sex hormonal regulation of the atrial inward rectifier potassium current (IK1): insights into potential pro-arrhythmic mechanisms.Cardiovascular research · 2025Article
- Postpartum QT Prolongation in a Long QT Syndrome Type 1 Patient.Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc · 2025Article
- Long QT Interval Syndrome and Female Sex-Review and Case Report.Reports (MDPI) · 2025Article
- Sex Chromosomes and Sex Hormones: Dissecting the Forces That Differentiate Female and Male Hearts.Circulation · 2025Review
- Impact of Beta-Blocker Therapy on Pregnant Women With Long QT Syndrome: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2024Review
- KCNQ1 suppression-replacement gene therapy in transgenic rabbits with type 1 long QT syndrome.European heart journal · 2024Article
- Prolactin Inhibition to Treat Postpartum Arrhythmic Storm.JACC. Case reports · 2024Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPostpubertal women with inherited long QT syndrome type 2 (LQT2) are at increased risk for polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (pVT) and sudden cardiac death (SCD), particularly during the postpartum period.
objectiveTo investigate whether sex hormones directly modulate the arrhythmogenic risk in LQTS.
methodsPrepubertal ovariectomized transgenic LQT2 rabbits were treated with estradiol (EST), progesterone (PROG), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), or placebo (OVX).
resultsDuring 8 weeks of treatment, major cardiac events-spontaneous pVT or SCD-occurred in 5 of the 7 EST rabbits and in 2 of the 9 OVX rabbits (P <.05); in contrast, no events occurred in 9 PROG rabbits and 6 DHT rabbits (P <.01 vs PROG; P <.05 vs DHT). Moreover, EST increased the incidence of pVT (P <.05 vs OVX), while PROG reduced premature ventricular contractions, bigeminy, couplets, triplets, and pVT (P <.01 vs OVX; P <.001 vs EST). In vivo electrocardiographic monitoring, in vivo electrophysiological studies, and ex vivo optical mapping studies revealed that EST promoted SCD by steepening the QT/RR slope (P <.05), by prolonging cardiac refractoriness (P <.05), and by altering the spatial pattern of action potential duration dispersion. Isoproterenol-induced Ca(2+) oscillations resulted in early afterdepolarizations in EST-treated hearts (4 of 4), while PROG prevented SCD by eliminating this early afterdepolarization formation in 4 of the 7 hearts (P = .058 vs EST; P <.05 vs OVX). Analyses of ion currents demonstrated that EST increased the density of I(Ca,L) as compared with OVX (P <.05) while PROG decreased it (P <.05).
conclusionThis study reveals the proarrhythmic effect of EST and the antiarrhythmic effect of PROG in LQT2 in vivo, outlining a new potential antiarrhythmic therapy for LQTS.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.