ArticleGastroenterology2012
Cigarette smoking increases risk of Barrett's esophagus: an analysis of the Barrett's and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium.
Article in Gastroenterology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 171 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex-Specific Genetic Associations for Barrett's Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma.Gastroenterology · 2020Pooled it
- ACG Clinical Guideline: Diagnosis and Management of Barrett's Esophagus.The American journal of gastroenterology · 2016Guideline
- Association of Serum Levels of Adipokines and Insulin With Risk of Barrett's Esophagus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2015Pooled it
- E-cigarette use and Barrett's esophagus: evaluating a new risk in the era of vaping.Esophagus : official journal of the Japan Esophageal Society · 2026Article
- Endoscopic Prevalence of Barrett's Esophagus in a Predominantly African American and Hispanic Population.Cureus · 2026Article
- Cervical Esophageal Characteristics in Smokers Versus Non-Smokers: An Ultrasonographic Comparative Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Esophageal cancer: from pathogenesis to precision therapies.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Barrett's esophagus: A review.World journal of gastrointestinal pathophysiology · 2025Review
- Gender disparities and woman-specific trends in Barrett's esophagus in the United States: An 11-year nationwide population-based study.World journal of methodology · 2025Article
- Article
- Causal relationship between cheese intake and risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease and Barrett's esophagus: findings from multivariable mendelian randomization and mediation analysis.European journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Identification ofDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Long-term risk factors for developing Barrett's oesophagus in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: a longitudinal cohort study.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2024Article
- Unraveling the pathogenesis of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma: the "omics" era.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- Esophageal Inlet Patch: Association with Barrett's Esophagus.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2023Article
- Vaping Induced Severe Erosive Esophagitis.JPGN reports · 2023Article
- Diagnosis and Management of Barrett's Esophagus.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- A risk variant for Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma at chr8p23.1 affects enhancer activity and implicates multiple gene targets.Human molecular genetics · 2022Article
- eQTL Set-Based Association Analysis Identifies Novel Susceptibility Loci for Barrett Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2022Article
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsCigarette smoking has been implicated in the etiology of esophageal adenocarcinoma, but it is not clear if smoking is a risk factor for Barrett's esophagus. We investigated whether tobacco smoking and other factors increase risk for Barrett's esophagus.
methodsWe analyzed data from 5 case-control studies included in the international Barrett's and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium. We compared data from subjects with Barrett's esophagus (n = 1059) with those from subjects with gastroesophageal reflux disease (gastroesophageal reflux disease controls, n = 1332), and population-based controls (n = 1143), using multivariable logistic regression models to test associations with cigarette smoking. We also tested whether cigarette smoking has synergistic effects with other exposures, which might further increase risk for Barrett's esophagus.
resultsSubjects with Barrett's esophagus were significantly more likely to have ever smoked cigarettes than the population-based controls (odds ratio [OR] = 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-2.67) or gastroesophageal reflux disease controls (OR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.33-1.96). Increasing pack-years of smoking increased the risk for Barrett's esophagus. There was evidence of a synergy between ever-smoking and heartburn or regurgitation; the attributable proportion of disease among individuals who ever smoked and had heartburn or regurgitation was estimated to be 0.39 (95% CI: 0.25-0.52).
conclusionsCigarette smoking is a risk factor for Barrett's esophagus. The association was strengthened with increased exposure to smoking until ∼20 pack-years, when it began to plateau. Smoking has synergistic effects with heartburn or regurgitation, indicating that there are various pathways by which tobacco smoking might contribute to development of Barrett's esophagus.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.