ArticlePloS one2012
Low CXCL13 expression, splenic lymphoid tissue atrophy and germinal center disruption in severe canine visceral leishmaniasis.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Persistent myeloid cell reprogramming despite miltefosine treatment in leishmania-infected macaques.iScience · 2025Article
- Lymphocyte loss and plasmacytosis are associated with IL-6- and TNF-producing cells in the spleens of fatal COVID-19 cases.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Splenic macrophage functional profile and its role in the immunopathogenesis of canine visceral leishmaniasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Vaccine efficacy induced by virus-like particles containing Leishmania donovani surface glycoprotein GP63.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- An integrated analysis of the structural changes and gene expression of spleen in human visceral leishmaniasis with and without HIV coinfection.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- LBMPL Vaccine Therapy Induces Progressive Organization of the Spleen Microarchitecture, Improved Th1 Adaptative Immune Response and Control of Parasitism inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Anti-Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Bidimensional and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography of the Spleen in Dogs Affected by Leishmaniosis.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Splenic Transcriptional Responses in Severe Visceral Leishmaniasis: Impaired Leukocyte Chemotaxis and Cell Cycle Arrest.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Chronic Aerobic Training at Different Volumes in the Modulation of Macrophage Function andFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Cytokines and splenic remodelling duringCytokine: X · 2020Article
- Detection of amastigotes and histopathological alterations in the thymus of Leishmania infantum-infected dogs.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2020Article
- Infectious Diseases and the Lymphoid Extracellular Matrix Remodeling: A Focus on Conduit System.Cells · 2020Review
- Phenotypical Characterization of Spleen Remodeling in Murine Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Pro-Cellular Exhaustion Markers are Associated with Splenic Microarchitecture Disorganization and Parasite Load in Dogs with Visceral Leishmaniasis.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Induction of Interleukin 10 by Borrelia burgdorferi Is Regulated by the Action of CD14-Dependent p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and cAMP-Mediated Chromatin Remodeling.Infection and immunity · 2018Article
- Morphophysiological changes in the splenic extracellular matrix of Leishmania infantum-naturally infected dogs is associated with alterations in lymphoid niches and the CD4+ T cell frequency in spleens.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Article
- Histological Disorganization of Spleen Compartments and Severe Visceral Leishmaniasis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2018Review
- Biomarkers Associated WithFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2018Review
- Clinical and immunopathological findings during long term follow-up in Leishmania infantum experimentally infected dogs.Scientific reports · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis is associated with atrophy and histological disorganization of splenic compartments. In this paper, we compared organized and disorganized splenic lymphoid tissue from dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum assessing the size of the white pulp compartments, the distribution of T, B and S100+ dendritic cells, using immunohistochemistry and morphometry and the expression of CCR7 and the cytokines, CXCL13, lymphotoxin (LT)-α, LT-β, CCL19, CCL21, TNF-α, IL-10, IFN-γ and TGF-β, using by real time RT-PCR. The lymphoid follicles and marginal zones were smaller (3.2 and 1.9 times, respectively; Mann-Whitney, P<0.02) in animals with disorganized splenic tissue in comparison to those with organized splenic lymphoid tissue. In spleens with disorganized lymphoid tissue, the numbers of T cells and S100+ dendritic cells were decreased in the follicles, and the numbers of B cells were reduced in both the follicles and marginal zones. CXCL13 mRNA expression was lower in animals with disorganized lymphoid tissue (0.5±0.4) compared to those with organized lymphoid tissue (2.7±2.9, both relative to 18S expression, P = 0.01). These changes in the spleen were associated with higher frequency of severe disease (7/12) in the animals with disorganized than in animals with organized (2/13, Chi-square, P = 0.01) splenic lymphoid tissue. The data presented herein suggest that natural infection with Leishmania infantum is associated with the impairment of follicular dendritic cells, CXCL13 expression, B cell migration and germinal center formation and associates these changes with severe clinical forms of visceral leishmaniasis. Furthermore the fact that this work uses dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum emphasizes the relevance of the data presented herein for the knowledge on the canine and human visceral leishmaniasis.
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