ArticlePloS one2011
The promoter of the cereal VERNALIZATION1 gene is sufficient for transcriptional induction by prolonged cold.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Combining promoter and induced intron 1 mutations ofMolecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement · 2026Article
- Genome-wide association study (GWAS) identifies genetic loci controlling Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability (DUS) traits in wheat.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2026Article
- Winter Wheat Vernalization Alleles and Freezing Tolerance at the Seedling and Jointing Stages.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- VERNALIZATION1 represses FLOWERING PROMOTING FACTOR1-LIKE1 in leaves for timely flowering in Brachypodium distachyon.The Plant cell · 2023Article
- Novel function of a putative TaCOBL ortholog associated with cold response.Molecular biology reports · 2023Article
- Wheat genomic study for genetic improvement of traits in China.Science China. Life sciences · 2022Review
- Genetic control of branching patterns in grass inflorescences.The Plant cell · 2022Review
- Wild emmer wheat, the progenitor of modern bread wheat, exhibits great diversity in theFrontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- Contemplation on wheat vernalization.Frontiers in plant science · 2022Review
- Interactions between SQUAMOSA and SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE MADS-box proteins regulate meristem transitions during wheat spike development.The Plant cell · 2021Article
- In-Depth Sequence Analysis of Bread WheatInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Identification of polycomb repressive complex 1 and 2 core components in hexaploid bread wheat.BMC plant biology · 2020Article
- TEOSINTE BRANCHED1 regulates height and stem internode length in bread wheat.Journal of experimental botany · 2020Article
- WheatDevelopment (Cambridge, England) · 2019Article
- Article
- Gene regulatory network and abundant genetic variation play critical roles in heading stage of polyploidy wheat.BMC plant biology · 2019Review
- Article
- Transcriptomic Insights into Phenological Development and Cold Tolerance of Wheat Grown in the Field.Plant physiology · 2018Article
- Genomic dissection of plant development and its impact on thousand grain weight in barley through nested association mapping.Journal of experimental botany · 2016Article
- De novo Transcriptome Assembly of Floral Buds of Pineapple and Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in Response to Ethephon Induction.Frontiers in plant science · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The VERNALIZATION1 (VRN1) gene of temperate cereals is transcriptionally activated by prolonged cold during winter (vernalization) to promote flowering. To investigate the mechanisms controlling induction of VRN1 by prolonged cold, different regions of the VRN1 gene were fused to the GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN (GFP) reporter and expression of the resulting gene constructs was assayed in transgenic barley (Hordeum vulgare). A 2 kb segment of the promoter of VRN1 was sufficient for GFP expression in the leaves and shoot apex of transgenic barley plants. Fluorescence increased at the shoot apex prior to inflorescence initiation and was subsequently maintained in the developing inflorescence. The promoter was also sufficient for low-temperature induction of GFP expression. A naturally occurring insertion in the proximal promoter, which is associated with elevated VRN1 expression and early flowering in some spring wheats, did not abolish induction of VRN1 transcription by prolonged cold, however. A translational fusion of the promoter and transcribed regions of VRN1 to GFP, VRN1::GFP, was localised to nuclei of cells at the shoot apex of transgenic barley plants. The distribution of VRN1::GFP at the shoot apex was similar to the expression pattern of the VRN1 promoter-GFP reporter gene. Fluorescence from the VRN1::GFP fusion protein increased in the developing leaves after prolonged cold treatment. These observations suggest that the promoter of VRN1 is targeted by mechanisms that trigger vernalization-induced flowering in economically important temperate cereal crops.
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