ArticleEvoDevo2012
Lim homeobox genes in the Ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi: the evolution of neural cell type specification.
Article in EvoDevo, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- A blastoporal organizer in a ctenophore.Nature · 2026Article
- Organization of the ctenophore tentacular apparatus: AdultiScience · 2026Article
- Evo-devo applied to sleep research: an approach whose time has come.Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society · 2024Review
- Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Is an Ancestral Hallmark of Early Development in Animals.Molecular biology and evolution · 2023Article
- Nitric oxide signaling in ctenophores.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Mass spectrometry of short peptides reveals common features of metazoan peptidergic neurons.Nature ecology & evolution · 2022Article
- Multigenerational laboratory culture of pelagic ctenophores and CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing in the lobate Mnemiopsis leidyi.Nature protocols · 2022Review
- Cell polarity signalling at the birth of multicellularity: What can we learn from the first animals.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- Integrating Embryonic Development and Evolutionary History to Characterize Tentacle-Specific Cell Types in a Ctenophore.Molecular biology and evolution · 2018Article
- Embracing Uncertainty in Reconstructing Early Animal Evolution.Current biology : CB · 2017Review
- Article
- Interactions between LHX3- and ISL1-family LIM-homeodomain transcription factors are conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Independent origins of neurons and synapses: insights from ctenophores.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2016Review
- From nerve net to nerve ring, nerve cord and brain--evolution of the nervous system.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2016Review
- Where is my mind? How sponges and placozoans may have lost neural cell types.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2015Review
- Retinoic acid signaling and neuronal differentiation.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2015Review
- Overexpression of Lhx8 inhibits cell proliferation and induces cell cycle arrest in PC12 cell line.In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal · 2015Article
- Convergent evolution of neural systems in ctenophores.The Journal of experimental biology · 2015Review
- Islet is a key determinant of ascidian palp morphogenesis.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2014Article
- The LIM and POU homeobox genes ttx-3 and unc-86 act as terminal selectors in distinct cholinergic and serotonergic neuron types.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNervous systems are thought to be important to the evolutionary success and diversification of metazoans, yet little is known about the origin of simple nervous systems at the base of the animal tree. Recent data suggest that ctenophores, a group of macroscopic pelagic marine invertebrates, are the most ancient group of animals that possess a definitive nervous system consisting of a distributed nerve net and an apical statocyst. This study reports on details of the evolution of the neural cell type specifying transcription factor family of LIM homeobox containing genes (Lhx), which have highly conserved functions in neural specification in bilaterian animals.
resultsUsing next generation sequencing, the first draft of the genome of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi has been generated. The Lhx genes in all animals are represented by seven subfamilies (Lhx1/5, Lhx3/4, Lmx, Islet, Lhx2/9, Lhx6/8, and LMO) of which four were found to be represented in the ctenophore lineage (Lhx1/5, Lhx3/4, Lmx, and Islet). Interestingly, the ctenophore Lhx gene complement is more similar to the sponge complement (sponges do not possess neurons) than to either the cnidarian-bilaterian or placozoan Lhx complements. Using whole mount in situ hybridization, the Lhx gene expression patterns were examined and found to be expressed around the blastopore and in cells that give rise to the apical organ and putative neural sensory cells.
conclusionThis research gives us a first look at neural cell type specification in the ctenophore M. leidyi. Within M. leidyi, Lhx genes are expressed in overlapping domains within proposed neural cellular and sensory cell territories. These data suggest that Lhx genes likely played a conserved role in the patterning of sensory cells in the ancestor of sponges and ctenophores, and may provide a link to the expression of Lhx orthologs in sponge larval photoreceptive cells. Lhx genes were later co-opted into patterning more diversified complements of neural and non-neural cell types in later evolving animals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.