ArticleThe ISME journal2012
Pseudomonas syringae naturally lacking the canonical type III secretion system are ubiquitous in nonagricultural habitats, are phylogenetically diverse and can be pathogenic.
Article in The ISME journal, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Type III secretion system diversity in the Pseudomonas fluorescens species complex.The New phytologist · 2026Article
- Genome Evolution in Plant Pathogenic Bacteria.Genome biology and evolution · 2026Review
- Phylogenomic analyses and comparative genomics of Pseudomonas syringae associated with almond (Prunus dulcis) in California.PloS one · 2024Article
- The Diversity of Lipopeptides in the Pseudomonas syringae Complex Parallels Phylogeny and Sheds Light on Structural Diversification during Evolutionary History.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Classification of the plant-associated lifestyle of Pseudomonas strains using genome properties and machine learning.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Molecular Characterization and Taxonomic Assignment of Three Phage Isolates from a Collection InfectingViruses · 2021Article
- HrpL Regulon of Bacterial Pathogen of Woody HostMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- Genome Mining Shows Ubiquitous Presence and Extensive Diversity of Toxin-Antitoxin Systems inFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Diversity of pathogenic Pseudomonas isolated from citrus in Tunisia.AMB Express · 2020Article
- Recombination of ecologically and evolutionarily significant loci maintains genetic cohesion in the Pseudomonas syringae species complex.Genome biology · 2019Article
- Molecular Evolution ofFrontiers in plant science · 2019Article
- Coping with Environmental Eukaryotes; Identification ofMicroorganisms · 2018Article
- Genus-wide comparison of Pseudovibrio bacterial genomes reveal diverse adaptations to different marine invertebrate hosts.PloS one · 2018Article
- Ancestral acquisitions, gene flow and multiple evolutionary trajectories of the type three secretion system and effectors in Xanthomonas plant pathogens.Molecular ecology · 2017Article
- Profiling the extended phenotype of plant pathogens: Challenges in Bacterial Molecular Plant Pathology.Molecular plant pathology · 2017Review
- Evolution, genomics and epidemiology of Pseudomonas syringae: Challenges in Bacterial Molecular Plant Pathology.Molecular plant pathology · 2017Review
- Clarification of Taxonomic Status within theFrontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
- Population-genomic insights into emergence, crop adaptation and dissemination ofMicrobial genomics · 2016Article
- Inheritance of Pantoea type III secretion systems through both vertical and horizontal transfer.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2015Article
- Comparative Genomics of Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic Strains of Xanthomonas arboricola Unveil Molecular and Evolutionary Events Linked to Pathoadaptation.Frontiers in plant science · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The type III secretion system (T3SS) is an important virulence factor of pathogenic bacteria, but the natural occurrence of variants of bacterial plant pathogens with deficiencies in their T3SS raises questions about the significance of the T3SS for fitness. Previous work on T3SS-deficient plant pathogenic bacteria has focused on strains from plants or plant debris. Here we have characterized T3SS-deficient strains of Pseudomonas syringae from plant and nonplant substrates in pristine nonagricultural contexts, many of which represent recently described clades not yet found associated with crop plants. Strains incapable of inducing a hypersensitive reaction (HR(-)) in tobacco were detected in 65% of 126 samples from headwaters of rivers (mountain creeks and lakes), snowpack, epilithic biofilms, wild plants and leaf litter and constituted 2 to 100% of the P. syringae population associated with each sample. All HR(-) strains lacked at least one gene in the canonical hrp/hrc locus or the associated conserved effector locus, but most lacked all six of the genes tested (hrcC, hrpL, hrpK1, avrE1 and hrpW1) and represented several disparate phylogenetic clades. Although most HR(-) strains were incapable of causing symptoms on cantaloupe seedlings as expected, strains in the recently described TA-002 clade caused severe symptoms in spite of the absence of any of the six conserved genes of the canonical T3SS according to PCR and Southern blot assays. The phylogenetic context of the T3SS variants we observed provides insight into the evolutionary history of P. syringae as a pathogen and as an environmental saprophyte.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.