ArticleMolecular cancer2012
Altered CXCR3 isoform expression regulates prostate cancer cell migration and invasion.
Article in Molecular cancer, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 125 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
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- 3D Bioprinting and Microfluidic-based Devices for Cancer Detection and Drug Treatment: Focus on Prostate Cancer.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- The metastatic role of the CXCL10-CXCR3 axis and its therapeutic potential in osteosarcoma.Journal of bone oncology · 2025Article
- Non-immune targeting of CXCR3 compromises mitochondrial function and suppresses tumor growth in glioblastoma.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
- PF4 in rejuvenation therapy: Neuroprotection and cognitive enhancement.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Review
- CXCR3 inhibitors for therapeutic interventions: current status and perspectives.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Mechanisms underlying the promotion of papillary thyroid carcinoma occurrence and progression by Hashimoto's thyroiditis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Functions for platelet factor 4 (PF4/CXCL4) and its receptors in fibroblast-myofibroblast transition and fibrotic failure of arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs).The journal of vascular access · 2024Article
- From biology to the clinic - exploring liver metastasis in prostate cancer.Nature reviews. Urology · 2024Review
- The role of proinflammatory cytokines and CXC chemokines (CXCL1-CXCL16) in the progression of prostate cancer: insights on their therapeutic management.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2024Review
- Pleiotropic Role of Rainbow Trout CXCRs in Response to Disease and Environment: Insights from Transcriptional Signatures and Structure Analysis.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- CXCL10 promotes melanoma angiogenesis and tumor growth.Animal cells and systems · 2024Article
- The duality of CXCR3 in glioblastoma: unveiling autocrine and paracrine mechanisms for novel therapeutic approaches.Cell death & disease · 2023Review
- Targeting CXCL9/10/11-CXCR3 axis: an important component of tumor-promoting and antitumor immunity.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2023Review
- Functional Analysis of CXCR3 Splicing Variants and Their Ligands Using NanoBiT-Based Molecular Interaction Assays.Molecules and cells · 2023Article
- Urological Tumor: A Narrative Review of Tertiary Lymphatic Structures.Urologia internationalis · 2023Review
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCarcinoma cells must circumvent the normally suppressive signals to disseminate. While often considered 'stop' signals for adherent cells, CXCR3-binding chemokines have recently been correlated positively with cancer progression though the molecular basis remains unclear.
resultsHere, we examined the expression and function of two CXCR3 variants in human prostate cancer biopsies and cell lines. Globally, both CXCR3 mRNA and protein were elevated in localized and metastatic human cancer biopsies compared to normal. Additionally, CXCR3A mRNA level was upregulated while CXCR3B mRNA was downregulated in these prostate cancer specimens. In contrast to normal prostate epithelial cells (RWPE-1), CXCR3A was up to half the receptor in the invasive and metastatic DU-145 and PC-3 prostate cancer cells, but not in the localized LNCaP cells. Instead of inhibiting cell migration as in RWPE-1 cells, the CXCR3 ligands CXCL4/PF4 and CXCL10/IP10 promoted cell motility and invasiveness in both DU-145 and PC-3 cells via PLCβ3 and μ-calpain activation. CXCR3-mediated diminution of cell motility in RWPE-1 cells is likely a result of cAMP upregulation and m-calpain inhibition via CXCR3B signal transduction. Interestingly, overexpression of CXCR3B in DU-145 cells decreased cell movement and invasion.
conclusionThese data suggest that the aberrant expression of CXCR3A and down-regulation of CXCR3B may switch a progression "stop" to a "go" signal to promote prostate tumor metastasis via stimulating cell migration and invasion.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.