ReviewAnnual review of pharmacology and toxicology2012
Systems pharmacology: network analysis to identify multiscale mechanisms of drug action.
Review in Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 160 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
160 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 355 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent Progress in Traditional Chinese Medicines and Their Mechanism in the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis.Journal of healthcare engineering · 2022Pooled it
- The hidden patterns of alignment: exploring variability between generative AI and human.Medical education online · 2026Article
- β-sitosterol Alleviates Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Rats With Involvement of the VEGF/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway.Pulmonary circulation · 2026Article
- GEM-GPT Enables Personalized Cell Type-Resolved Therapeutic Design for Systems Pharmacology.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Systems-Level Analysis of 13-Docosenamide Reveals its Regulatory Role on PPAR, AMPK, and Insulin Pathways in T2DM: In vitro and In silico Approaches.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Article
- Review
- Decoding shared pathogenic networks of oxidative stress in neuropsychiatric disorders to prioritize multi-target therapeutics from natural products.Cell biology and toxicology · 2026Article
- Repositioning Natural Products in Modern Drug Discovery: Technological Innovation, Systems Pharmacology, and Pathological Validation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- New Personalized Medicine Model for Medication Management.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Unveiling the Immunopharmacological Mechanisms of Biejiajian Pills (BJJP) Underlying the Treatment of Hepatic Fibrosis: Insights From Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Novel mechanisms of atrazine endocrine disruption: an integrated approach reveals progesterone and glucocorticoid receptor targeting.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Article
- Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation to Reveal the Pharmacological Mechanisms of Gynostemma pentaphylla against Acute Pharyngitis.Current computer-aided drug design · 2026Article
- Genome agnostic, multi-level non-oncogene addiction-based systems pharmacology for rescuing metastatic relapsed/refractory neoplasias.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Protective role ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- A mechanism-derived four-gene prognostic signature for hepatocellular carcinoma based on the multi-target anti-tumor activity of icaritin.Translational gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Article
- Metabolic Inflammation as a Common Thread in Cardio-Endocrine Diseases: Toward a Unified Therapeutic Framework.Cureus · 2026Review
- Efficient analysis of toxicity and mechanisms of isoflurane on postoperative delirium by network toxicology and molecular docking.Neuroprotection (Chichester, England) · 2025Article
- Innovative horizons: harnessing drug repositioning for targeted therapeutics in colorectal cancer.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Mechanistic Insight into Phenolic Compounds in Mitigating Diabetic Complications Induced by Advanced Glycation End Products.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Integrative network pharmacology and multi-omics reveal anisodamine hydrobromide's multi-target mechanisms in sepsis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
100 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Systems approaches have long been used in pharmacology to understand drug action at the organ and organismal levels. The application of computational and experimental systems biology approaches to pharmacology allows us to expand the definition of systems pharmacology to include network analyses at multiple scales of biological organization and to explain both therapeutic and adverse effects of drugs. Systems pharmacology analyses rely on experimental "omics" technologies that are capable of measuring changes in large numbers of variables, often at a genome-wide level, to build networks for analyzing drug action. A major use of omics technologies is to relate the genomic status of an individual to the therapeutic efficacy of a drug of interest. Combining pathway and network analyses, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic models, and a knowledge of polymorphisms in the genome will enable the development of predictive models of therapeutic efficacy. Network analyses based on publicly available databases such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Event Reporting System allow us to develop an initial understanding of the context within which molecular-level drug-target interactions can lead to distal effectors in a process that results in adverse phenotypes at the organ and organismal levels. The current state of systems pharmacology allows us to formulate a set of questions that could drive future research in the field. The long-term goal of such research is to develop polypharmacology for complex diseases and predict therapeutic efficacy and adverse event risk for individuals prior to commencement of therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.