ArticleLupus2012
Macrophagic myofasciitis: characterization and pathophysiology.
Article in Lupus, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of potential health risks posed by pharmaceutical, occupational and consumer exposures to metallic and nanoscale aluminum, aluminum oxides, aluminum hydroxide and its soluble salts.Critical reviews in toxicology · 2014Pooled it
- A possible role for immunogenetic factors in myositis developing after vaccination in the pre-covid-19 era.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Critical evaluation on roles of macrophagic myofasciitis and aluminum adjuvants in HPV vaccine-induced adverse events.Cancer science · 2023Review
- Juvenile Membranous Nephropathy Developed after Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination.Vaccines · 2022Article
- Clinicopathological Characteristics of Inflammatory Myositis Induced by COVID-19 Vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2): A Case Report.Journal of Korean medical science · 2022Article
- Cytokines profile in neonatal and adult wild-type mice post-injection of U. S. pediatric vaccination schedule.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2021Article
- Centrality of Myeloid-Lineage Phagocytes in Particle-Triggered Inflammation and Autoimmunity.Frontiers in toxicology · 2021Review
- Distinctive cellular response to aluminum based adjuvants.Environmental toxicology and pharmacology · 2020Article
- Mechanisms of Particles in Sensitization, Effector Function and Therapy of Allergic Disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Macrophagic myofasciitis: an atypical presentation for a rare disease with a challenging approach.Reumatologia · 2020Article
- Unequivocal imaging of aluminium in human cells and tissues by an improved method using morin.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2019Article
- Aluminium toxicosis: a review of toxic actions and effects.Interdisciplinary toxicology · 2019Review
- Granulomatous fasciitis followed by morphea profunda: Is granulomatous fasciitis part of a spectrum of deep morphea? A case report and review of the literature.Clinical case reports · 2018Article
- Macrophagic myofasciitis: a challenging diagnosis.BMJ case reports · 2018Article
- Predictive value of brain 18F-FDG PET/CT in macrophagic myofasciitis?: A case report.Medicine · 2017Article
- The ASIA syndrome: basic concepts.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2017Review
- Autoimmune reaction after anti-tetanus vaccination-description of four cases and review of the literature.Immunologic research · 2017Review
- Noninvasive vaccination as a casus belli to redeem vaccine value in the face of anti-vaccine movements.Integrative molecular medicine · 2017Article
- ASIA syndrome, calcinosis cutis and chronic kidney disease following silicone injections. A case-based review.Immunologic research · 2016Review
- Insight into the cellular fate and toxicity of aluminium adjuvants used in clinically approved human vaccinations.Scientific reports · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aluminium oxyhydroxide (alum), a nanocrystalline compound forming agglomerates, has been used in vaccines for its immunological adjuvant effect since 1927. Alum is the most commonly used adjuvant in human and veterinary vaccines, but the mechanisms by which it stimulates immune responses remain incompletely understood. Although generally well tolerated, alum may occasionally cause disabling health problems in presumably susceptible individuals. A small proportion of vaccinated people present with delayed onset of diffuse myalgia, chronic fatigue and cognitive dysfunction, and exhibit very long-term persistence of alum-loaded macrophages at the site of previous intramuscular (i.m.) immunization, forming a granulomatous lesion called macrophagic myofasciitis (MMF). Clinical symptoms associated with MMF are paradigmatic of the recently delineated 'autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants' (ASIA). The stereotyped cognitive dysfunction is reminiscent of cognitive deficits described in foundry workers exposed to inhaled Al particles. Alum safety concerns will largely depend on whether the compound remains localized at the site of injection or diffuses and accumulates in distant organs. Animal experiments indicate that biopersistent nanomaterials taken up by monocyte-lineage cells in tissues, such as fluorescent alum surrogates, can first translocate to draining lymph nodes, and thereafter circulate in blood within phagocytes and reach the spleen, and, eventually, slowly accumulate in the brain.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.