Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22234889›Full record

ArticleGenome research2012

An ancient genomic regulatory block conserved across bilaterians and its dismantling in tetrapods by retrogene replacement.

Ignacio Maeso, Manuel Irimia, Juan J Tena, Esther González-Pérez, David Tran, Vydianathan Ravi, Byrappa Venkatesh, Sonsoles Campuzano, José Luis Gómez-Skarmeta, Jordi Garcia-Fernàndez

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome research, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. ThemicroPublication biology · 2025
    Article
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  15. Origin of spliceosomal introns and alternative splicing.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2014
    Article
  16. The mystery of extreme non-coding conservation.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2013
    Review
  17. Deep conservation of cis-regulatory elements in metazoans.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2013
    Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ignacio MaesoDepartament de Genètica, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona 08028, Barcelona, Spain. nacho.maeso@gmail.com
Manuel Irimia
Juan J Tena
Esther González-Pérez
David Tran
Vydianathan Ravi
Byrappa Venkatesh
Sonsoles Campuzano
José Luis Gómez-Skarmeta
Jordi Garcia-Fernàndez

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Developmental genes are regulated by complex, distantly located cis-regulatory modules (CRMs), often forming genomic regulatory blocks (GRBs) that are conserved among vertebrates and among insects. We have investigated GRBs associated with Iroquois homeobox genes in 39 metazoans. Despite 600 million years of independent evolution, Iroquois genes are linked to ankyrin-repeat-containing Sowah genes in nearly all studied bilaterians. We show that Iroquois-specific CRMs populate the Sowah locus, suggesting that regulatory constraints underlie the maintenance of the Iroquois-Sowah syntenic block. Surprisingly, tetrapod Sowah orthologs are intronless and not associated with Iroquois; however, teleost and elephant shark data demonstrate that this is a derived feature, and that many Iroquois-CRMs were ancestrally located within Sowah introns. Retroposition, gene, and genome duplication have allowed selective elimination of Sowah exons from the Iroquois regulatory landscape while keeping associated CRMs, resulting in large associated gene deserts. These results highlight the importance of CRMs in imposing constraints to genome architecture, even across large phylogenetic distances, and of gene duplication-mediated genetic redundancy to disentangle these constraints, increasing genomic plasticity.

Indexed as

Amino Acid SequenceAnimalsEvolution, MolecularGene DuplicationGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalGenomeGenomicsHomeodomain ProteinsInsectaInvertebratesMolecular Sequence DataPhylogenyRetroelementsSequence Homology, Amino AcidSpecies SpecificityVertebratesHomeodomain ProteinsRetroelements

Identifiers

PMID22234889
PMCPMC3317147

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.