ArticleNature communications2012
Two rotating cilia in the node cavity are sufficient to break left-right symmetry in the mouse embryo.
Article in Nature communications, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Serotonin has early, cilia-independent roles in Xenopus left-right patterning.Disease models & mechanisms · 2013Pooled it
- Article
- Artificial embryonic node elucidates the role of flow in left-right symmetry breaking in vertebrates.Science advances · 2026Article
- Exome sequencing-based identification ofFrontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Article
- The primary cilium as a multifunctional organelle: emerging roles and unanswered questions.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
- mRNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Sprouty2/4 deficiency disrupts early signaling centers impacting chondrogenesis in the mouse forelimb.JBMR plus · 2025Article
- Breaking Left-Right Symmetry by the Interplay of Planar Cell Polarity, Calcium Signaling and Cilia.Cells · 2024Review
- Case Report: Primary ciliary dyskinesia due to CCNO mutations: a Chinese pediatric case series and literature review.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Functions of cilia in cardiac development and disease.Annals of human genetics · 2024Review
- Fluid extraction from the left-right organizer uncovers mechanical properties needed for symmetry breaking.eLife · 2023Article
- IFT74 variants cause skeletal ciliopathy and motile cilia defects in mice and humans.PLoS genetics · 2023Article
- Cilia function as calcium-mediated mechanosensors that instruct left-right asymmetry.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2023Article
- Microscopic artificial cilia - a review.Lab on a chip · 2022Review
- Sequential action of JNK genes establishes the embryonic left-right axis.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2022Article
- A change of heart: new roles for cilia in cardiac development and disease.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2022Review
- A multiscale biophysical model gives quantized metachronal waves in a lattice of beating cilia.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Abnormal left-right organizer and laterality defects in Xenopus embryos after formin inhibitor SMIFH2 treatment.PloS one · 2022Article
- Understanding laterality disorders and the left-right organizer: Insights from zebrafish.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Determination of left-right asymmetry in mouse embryos is achieved by a leftward fluid flow (nodal flow) in the node cavity that is generated by clockwise rotational movement of 200-300 cilia in the node. The precise action of nodal flow and how much flow input is required for the robust read-out of left-right determination remains unknown. Here we show that a local leftward flow generated by as few as two rotating cilia is sufficient to break left-right symmetry. Quantitative analysis of fluid flow and ciliary rotation in the node of mouse embryos shows that left-right asymmetry is already established within a few hours after the onset of rotation by a subset of nodal cilia. Examination of various ciliary mutant mice shows that two rotating cilia are sufficient to initiate left-right asymmetric gene expression. Our results suggest the existence of a highly sensitive system in the node that is able to sense an extremely weak unidirectional flow, and may favour a model in which the flow is sensed as a mechanical force.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.