Trial reportThe American journal of drug and alcohol abuse2012
The combination very low-dose naltrexone-clonidine in the management of opioid withdrawal.
Trial report in The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Opioid antagonists with minimal sedation for opioid withdrawal.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- A Review of Alpha-2 Adrenergic Agents Implicated in Opioid Use Disorder.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2026Review
- A narrative review of outcome measures used in drug and alcohol inpatient withdrawal treatment research.Drug and alcohol review · 2023Review
- Opioid Management: Initiating, Monitoring, and Tapering.Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America · 2020Review
- Very low dose naltrexone in opioid detoxification: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial of efficacy and safety.Toxicological research · 2020Article
- Intermittent blockade of OGFr and treatment of autoimmune disorders.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2018Review
- Low-Dose Naltrexone (LDN)-Review of Therapeutic Utilization.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Review
- A case report of clonidine induced syncope: a review of central actions of an old cardiovascular drug.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2018Review
- Is it prime time for alpha2-adrenocepter agonists in the treatment of withdrawal syndromes?Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe management of withdrawal absorbs substantial clinical efforts in opioid dependence (OD). The real challenge lies in improving current pharmacotherapies. Although widely used, clonidine causes problematic adverse effects and does not alleviate important symptoms of opioid withdrawal, alone or in combination with the opioid antagonist naltrexone. Very low-dose naltrexone (VLNTX) has been shown to attenuate withdrawal intensity and noradrenaline release following opioid agonist taper, suggesting a combination with clonidine may result in improved safety and efficacy.
objectivesWe investigated the effects of a VLNTX-clonidine combination in a secondary analysis of data from a double-blind, randomized opioid detoxification trial.
methodsWithdrawal symptoms and treatment completion were compared following VLNTX (.125 or .25 mg/day) and clonidine (.1-.2 mg q6h) in 127 individuals with OD undergoing 6-day methadone inpatient taper at a community program.
resultsVLNTX was more effective than placebo or clonidine in reducing symptoms and signs of withdrawal. The use of VLNTX in combination with clonidine was associated with attenuated subjective withdrawal compared with each medication alone, favoring detoxification completion in comparison with clonidine or naltrexone placebo. VLNTX/clonidine was effective in reducing symptoms that are both undertreated and well controlled with clonidine treatment and was not associated with significant adverse events compared with other treatments. CONCLUSIONS AND SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: Preliminary results elucidate neurobiological mechanisms of OD and support the utility of controlled studies on a novel VLNTX + low-dose clonidine combination for the management of opioid withdrawal.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.