ArticleInfection and immunity2012
Hemin binding protein C is found in outer membrane vesicles and protects Bartonella henselae against toxic concentrations of hemin.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Yersinia enterocolitica O:3 Outer Membrane Vesicles as a Platform for Complement Activation.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Outer Membrane Vesicles as a Versatile Platform for Vaccine Development: Engineering Strategies, Applications and Challenges.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2025Review
- Sneaky tactics: Ingenious immune evasion mechanisms ofVirulence · 2024Review
- Prokaryotic microvesicles Ortholog of eukaryotic extracellular vesicles in biomedical fields.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Blood Supplementation Enhances Bartonella henselae Growth and Molecular Detection of Bacterial DNA in Liquid Culture.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Genome Analysis of ST1Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- How It All Begins: Bacterial Factors Mediating the Colonization of Invertebrate Hosts by Beneficial Symbionts.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2022Review
- Outer Membrane Vesicles: Biogenesis, Functions, and Issues.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2022Review
- Article
- A pseudokinase version of the histidine kinase ChrS promotes high heme tolerance ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- The Role of Bacterial Membrane Vesicles in Human Health and Disease.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Bacterial outer membrane vesicles as a candidate tumor vaccine platform.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Review
- Heme auxotrophy in abundant aquatic microbial lineages.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- The extracellular vesicle generation paradox: a bacterial point of view.The EMBO journal · 2021Review
- The Interaction of Hemin, a Porphyrin Derivative, with the Purified Rat Brain 2-Oxoglutarate Carrier.Biomolecules · 2021Article
- What Is in a Cat Scratch? Growth ofMicroorganisms · 2021Review
- Article
- [Research progress on the role of extracellular vesicles in bacterial pathogenesis].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2018Review
- Bartonella Species, an Emerging Cause of Blood-Culture-Negative Endocarditis.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Bartonella species are gram-negative, emerging bacterial pathogens found in two distinct environments. In the gut of the obligately hematophagous arthropod vector, bartonellae are exposed to concentrations of heme that are toxic to other bacteria. In the bloodstream of the mammalian host, access to heme and iron is severely restricted. Bartonellae have unusually high requirements for heme, which is their only utilizable source of iron. Although heme is essential for Bartonella survival, little is known about genes involved in heme acquisition and detoxification. We developed a strategy for high-efficiency transposon mutagenesis to screen for genes in B. henselae heme binding and uptake pathways. We identified a B. henselae transposon mutant that constitutively expresses the hemin binding protein C (hbpC) gene. In the wild-type strain, transcription of B. henselae hbpC was upregulated at arthropod temperature (28°C), compared to mammalian temperature (37°C). In the mutant strain, temperature-dependent regulation was absent. We demonstrated that HbpC binds hemin and localizes to the B. henselae outer membrane and outer membrane vesicles. Overexpression of hbpC in B. henselae increased resistance to heme toxicity, implicating HbpC in protection of B. henselae from the toxic levels of heme present in the gut of the arthropod vector. Experimental inoculation of cats with B. henselae strains demonstrated that both constitutive expression and deletion of hbpC affect the ability of B. henselae to infect the cat host. Modulation of hbpC expression appears to be a strategy employed by B. henselae to survive in the arthropod vector and the mammalian host.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.