Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22231539›Full record

ArticleFunctional & integrative genomics2012

Novel mechanism of conjoined gene formation in the human genome.

Ryong Nam Kim, Aeri Kim, Sang-Haeng Choi, Dae-Soo Kim, Seong-Hyeuk Nam, Dae-Won Kim, Dong-Wook Kim, Aram Kang, Min-Young Kim, Kun-Hyang Park and 3 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Functional & integrative genomics, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Pattern recognition in the landscape of seemingly random chimeric transcripts.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2023
    Article
  5. Novel read-through fusion transcript Bcl2l2-Pabpn1 in glioblastoma cells.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2022
    Article
  6. Article
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  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
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  12. Review
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  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Recurrent read-through fusion transcripts in breast cancer.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2014
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Ryong Nam KimGenome Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 305-806, South Korea.
Aeri Kim
Sang-Haeng Choi
Dae-Soo Kim
Seong-Hyeuk Nam
Dae-Won Kim
Dong-Wook Kim
Aram Kang
Min-Young Kim
Kun-Hyang Park
Byoung-Ha Yoon
Kang Seon Lee
Hong-Seog Park
Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology · KRKorea University of Science and Technology · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recently, conjoined genes (CGs) have emerged as important genetic factors necessary for understanding the human genome. However, their formation mechanism and precise structures have remained mysterious. Based on a detailed structural analysis of 57 human CG transcript variants (CGTVs, discovered in this study) and all (833) known CGs in the human genome, we discovered that the poly(A) signal site from the upstream parent gene region is completely removed via the skipping or truncation of the final exon; consequently, CG transcription is terminated at the poly(A) signal site of the downstream parent gene. This result led us to propose a novel mechanism of CG formation: the complete removal of the poly(A) signal site from the upstream parent gene is a prerequisite for the CG transcriptional machinery to continue transcribing uninterrupted into the intergenic region and downstream parent gene. The removal of the poly(A) signal sequence from the upstream gene region appears to be caused by a deletion or truncation mutation in the human genome rather than post-transcriptional trans-splicing events. With respect to the characteristics of CG sequence structures, we found that intergenic regions are hot spots for novel exon creation during CGTV formation and that exons farther from the intergenic regions are more highly conserved in the CGTVs. Interestingly, many novel exons newly created within the intergenic and intragenic regions originated from transposable element sequences. Additionally, the CGTVs showed tumor tissue-biased expression. In conclusion, our study provides novel insights into the CG formation mechanism and expands the present concepts of the genetic structural landscape, gene regulation, and gene formation mechanisms in the human genome.

Indexed as

ExonsGenome, HumanMutagenesis3' Untranslated RegionsAlternative SplicingBase SequenceCloning, MolecularHEK293 CellsHumansMutant Chimeric ProteinsNeoplasmsPolyadenylationReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRNA, MessengerSequence DeletionTranscription, Genetic3' Untranslated RegionsMutant Chimeric ProteinsRNA, Messenger

Identifiers

PMID22231539
OpenAlexW2048040434

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.