Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22230574›Full record

ArticleMethods in enzymology2012

Engineering and identifying supercharged proteins for macromolecule delivery into mammalian cells.

David B Thompson, James J Cronican, David R Liu

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Methods in enzymology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
61citing papers in PubMed
13.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

61 citing papers in PubMed, 130 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. An electrostatic repulsion model of centromere organisation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Protein design accelerates the development and application of optogenetic tools.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025
    Review
  9. MeCP2 is a naturally supercharged protein with cell membrane transduction capabilities.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2024
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article

1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

David B ThompsonHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
James J Cronican
David R Liu
Harvard University · USHoward Hughes Medical Institute · US

Funding

New Approaches for the Delivery of Proteins and Nucleic Acids Into CellsR01GM095501 · NIGMS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY · PI LIU, DAVID R · 2011 to 2014
$1.3M
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM095501
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Supercharged proteins are a class of engineered or naturally occurring proteins with unusually high positive or negative net theoretical charge. Both supernegatively and superpositively charged proteins exhibit a remarkable ability to withstand thermally or chemically induced aggregation. Superpositively charged proteins are also able to penetrate mammalian cells. Associating cargo with these proteins, such as plasmid DNA, siRNA, or other proteins, can enable the functional delivery of these macromolecules into mammalian cells both in vitro and in vivo. The potency of functional delivery in some cases can exceed that of other current methods for macromolecule delivery, including the use of cell-penetrating peptides such as Tat and adenoviral delivery vectors. This chapter summarizes methods for engineering supercharged proteins, optimizing cell penetration, identifying naturally occurring supercharged proteins, and using these proteins for macromolecule delivery into mammalian cells.

Indexed as

Static ElectricityAnimalsCell-Penetrating PeptidesDrug Delivery SystemsEndotoxinsGreen Fluorescent ProteinsHumansMacromolecular SubstancesMicePermeabilityProtein EngineeringProtein FoldingProteinsProtein StabilityProtein Structure, TertiaryRecombinant Fusion ProteinsCell-Penetrating PeptidesEndotoxinsGreen Fluorescent ProteinsMacromolecular SubstancesProteinsRecombinant Fusion ProteinsRNA, Small Interfering

Identifiers

PMID22230574
PMCPMC3505079
OpenAlexW1583466614

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.