ArticleBritish journal of pharmacology2012
D-Carnosine octylester attenuates atherosclerosis and renal disease in ApoE null mice fed a Western diet through reduction of carbonyl stress and inflammation.
Article in British journal of pharmacology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of carnosine and histidine-containing dipeptides on biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Nutrition reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Trial
- Trial
- Anserine, HClO-scavenger, protected against cognitive decline in individuals with mild cognitive impairment.Aging · 2021Trial
- Space Flight Diet-Induced Deficiency and Response to Gravity-Free Resistive Exercise.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Carnosine Supplementation Improves Serum Resistin Concentrations in Overweight or Obese Otherwise Healthy Adults: A Pilot Randomized Trial.Nutrients · 2018Trial
- Prodrug Strategies in Atherosclerosis: Targeted Delivery and Therapeutic Advances.Cardiovascular therapeutics · 2026Review
- Histidine-Containing Dipeptides in Obesity and Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Scoping Review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025Article
- Carnosine Biofunctionalized Hydroxyapatite Induces Copper-Driven Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis, Strengthening Its Bone Regenerative Capacities.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2025Article
- Preclinical evidence and therapeutic perspectives on carnosine for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.AIMS neuroscience · 2025Review
- Exploring Secondary Amine Carnosine Derivatives: Design, Synthesis, and Properties.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The protective role of carnosine against type 2 diabetes-induced cognitive impairment.Food science & nutrition · 2024Review
- State of the Art in the Development of Human Serum Carnosinase Inhibitors.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Reactive Carbonyl Species and Protein Lipoxidation in Atherogenesis.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Targeting protein modifications in metabolic diseases: molecular mechanisms and targeted therapies.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
- Acute balenine supplementation in humans as a natural carnosinase-resistant alternative to carnosine.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Chicken or Egg? Mitochondrial Phospholipids and Oxidative Stress in Disuse-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2023Review
- Iron scavenging and suppression of collagen cross-linking underlie antifibrotic effects of carnosine in the heart with obesity.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- The therapeutic potential of carnosine: Focus on cellular and molecular mechanisms.Current research in pharmacology and drug discovery · 2023Review
- Oxidative modification of HDL by lipid aldehydes impacts HDL function.Archives of biochemistry and biophysics · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
background and purposeLipoxidation-derived reactive carbonyl species (RCS) such as 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) react with proteins to form advanced lipoxidation end products (ALEs), which have been implicated in both atherosclerosis and renal disease. L-carnosine acts as an endogenous HNE scavenger, but it is rapidly inactivated by carnosinase. This study aimed at assessing the effect of the carnosinase-resistant, D-carnosine, on HNE-induced cellular injury and of its bioavailable prodrug D-carnosine octylester on experimental atherosclerosis and renal disease. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were exposed to HNE or H₂O₂ plus D-carnosine. ApoE null mice fed a Western, pro-atherogenic diet were treated with D-carnosine octylester for 12 weeks. KEY
resultsIn vitro, D-carnosine attenuated the effect of HNE, but not of H₂O₂, on VSMCs. In vivo, D-carnosine octylester-treated mice showed reduced lesion area and a more stable plaque phenotype compared with untreated animals, with reduced foam cell accumulation, inflammation and apoptosis and increased clearance of apoptotic bodies and collagen deposition, resulting in decreased necrotic core formation. Likewise, renal lesions were attenuated in D-carnosine octylester-treated versus untreated mice, with lower inflammation, apoptosis and fibrosis. This was associated with increased urinary levels of HNE-carnosine adducts and reduced protein carbonylation, circulating and tissue ALEs, expression of receptors for these products, and systemic and tissue oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: These data indicate RCS quenching with a D-carnosine ester was highly effective in attenuating experimental atherosclerosis and renal disease by reducing carbonyl stress and inflammation and that this may represent a promising therapeutic strategy in humans.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.