Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22224779›Full record

ReviewAnnual review of immunology2012

Microbial translocation across the GI tract.

Jason M Brenchley, Daniel C Douek

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Annual review of immunology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07169019 (Gut Microbiome Changes and Clinical Impact Induced by Treatment of Newly Diagnosed Psoriasis Patients With Probiotics and Methotrexate), which is not on this map. Cited by 289 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
289citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07169019 early_phase1recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Gut Microbiome Changes and Clinical Impact Induced by Treatment of Newly Diagnosed Psoriasis Patients With Probiotics and Methotrexate: a Pilot Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorAlexandria UniversityRan2025 to 2026Enrolled24ConditionsPsoriasis (PsO)ArmsProbiotics and methotrexate, Methotrexate
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

289 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Menopause and "leaky gut": implications for midlife women's health.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Safety Assessment ofNutrients · 2026
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Detection of Fungal Translocation in Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder Using a Real-Time PCR Assay.APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica · 2026
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Decoding the power of the microbiome in human health.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026
    Review

229 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Jason M BrenchleyProgram in Barrier Immunity and Repair and Immunopathogenesis Unit, Lab of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. jbrenchl@mail.nih.gov
Daniel C Douek

Funding

Mechanisms of Immune Activation and Disease Progression in Animal ModelsZIAAI001029 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI BRENCHLEY, JASON · 2009 to 2025
$28.2M
The HIV ReservoirZIAAI005034 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI DOUEK, DANIEL CESAR · 2009 to 2025
$7.5M
Mechanisms of Immune Activation and Disease Progression in Animal ModelsZ01AI001029 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI BRENCHLEY, JASON · 2008 to 2008
$455k
Intramural NIH HHS Z01 AI001029Intramural NIH HHS ZIA AI005034
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The lumen of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is home to an enormous quantity of different bacterial species, our microbiota, that thrive in an often symbiotic relationship with the host. Given that the healthy host must regulate contact between the microbiota and its immune system to avoid overwhelming systemic immune activation, humans have evolved several mechanisms to attenuate systemic microbial translocation (MT) and its consequences. However, several diseases are associated with the failure of one or more of these mechanisms, with consequent immune activation and deleterious effects on health. Here, we discuss the mechanisms underlying MT, diseases associated with MT, and therapeutic interventions that aim to decrease it.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnti-Infective AgentsDigestive System DiseasesGastrointestinal TractHost-Pathogen InteractionsHumansImmunologic FactorsMetagenomeProbioticsAnti-Infective AgentsImmunologic Factors

Identifiers

PMID22224779
PMCPMC3513328

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.