Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22219526›Full record

ArticleJournal of applied behavior analysis2011

False-positive tangible outcomes of functional analyses.

Griffin W Rooker, Brian A Iwata, Jill M Harper, Tara A Fahmie, Erin M Camp

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of applied behavior analysis, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Functional Analysis Decision-Making Considerations.Behavior analysis in practice · 2025
    Review
  2. The Need to Distinguish between "Lapse" and "Relapse".Perspectives on behavior science · 2025
    Article
  3. On the Evidence for Interactive Effects During and Following Synthesized Contingency Assessments.Behavioral interventions : theory & practice in residential & community-based clinical programs · 2025
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. REDUCING AMBIGUITY IN THE FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF PROBLEM BEHAVIOR.Behavioral interventions : theory & practice in residential & community-based clinical programs · 2015
    Article
  15. Conducting functional analyses of problem behavior via telehealth.Journal of applied behavior analysis · 2013
    Article
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Griffin W RookerUniversity of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA. Rooker@kennedykrieger.org
Brian A Iwata
Jill M Harper
Tara A Fahmie
Erin M Camp

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Functional analysis (FA) methodology is the most precise method for identifying variables that maintain problem behavior. Occasionally, however, results of an FA may be influenced by idiosyncratic sensitivity to aspects of the assessment conditions. For example, data from several studies suggest that inclusion of a tangible condition during an FA may be prone to a false-positive outcome, although the extent to which tangible reinforcement routinely produces such outcomes is unknown. We examined susceptibility to tangible reinforcement by determining whether a new response was acquired more readily when exposed to a tangible contingency relative to others commonly used in an FA (Study 1), and whether problem behavior known not to have a social function nevertheless emerged when exposed to tangible reinforcement (Study 2). Results indicated that inclusion of items in the tangible condition should be done with care and that selection should be based on those items typically found in the individual's environment.

Indexed as

Reinforcement, PsychologyAdultBehavior TherapyChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansMaleMental DisordersMiddle Agedfalse-positive assessmentfunctional analysismotivating operationstangible reinforcement

Identifiers

PMID22219526
PMCPMC3251278

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.