ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2012
A mammalian retinal bipolar cell uses both graded changes in membrane voltage and all-or-nothing Na+ spikes to encode light.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
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- Analysis of inductance-like effects of delayed rectifiers: amplification of voltage response onset, acceleration of decay, and voltage- and kinetics-dependent limitations.Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2025Article
- A recurrent neural circuit in Drosophila temporally sharpens visual inputs.Current biology : CB · 2025Article
- Substance P and dopamine form a "push-pull" system that diurnally regulates retinal gain.Current biology : CB · 2024Article
- A recurrent neural circuit inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Mechanisms of simultaneous linear and nonlinear computations at the mammalian cone photoreceptor synapse.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Harnessing the Neuroprotective Behaviors of Müller Glia for Retinal Repair.Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition) · 2022Review
- Review
- A theoretical model reveals specialized synaptic depressions and temporal frequency tuning in retinal parallel channels.Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2022Article
- An uncommon neuronal class conveys visual signals from rods and cones to retinal ganglion cells.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- A Computational Model Simulates Light-Evoked Responses in the Retinal Cone Pathway.Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference · 2021Article
- Article
- Dual-Cell Patch-Clamp Recording Revealed a Mechanism for a Ribbon Synapse to Process Both Digital and Analog Inputs and Outputs.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Article
- Bayesian inference for biophysical neuron models enables stimulus optimization for retinal neuroprosthetics.eLife · 2020Article
- Ground squirrel - A cool model for a bright vision.Seminars in cell & developmental biology · 2020Review
- Understanding the retinal basis of vision across species.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2020Review
- Spatiotemporally Asymmetric Excitation Supports Mammalian Retinal Motion Sensitivity.Current biology : CB · 2019Article
- Voltage- and calcium-gated ion channels of neurons in the vertebrate retina.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2019Review
- Neural mechanisms of contextual modulation in the retinal direction selective circuit.Nature communications · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Barlow (1953) studied summation in ganglion cell receptive fields and observed a fine discrimination of spatial information from which he inferred that retinal interneurons use analog signals to process images. Subsequent intracellular recordings confirmed that the interneurons of the outer retina, including photoreceptors, horizontal cells, and bipolar cells, respond to light with slow, graded changes in membrane potential. Analog processing may enable interneurons to discriminate fine gradations in light intensity and spatiotemporal pattern, but at the expense of the speed, temporal precision, and threshold discrimination that are characteristic of all-or-nothing Na(+) spikes. We show that one type of mammalian On bipolar cell, the ground squirrel cb5b, has a large tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive Na(+) current. When recorded from in the perforated patch configuration, cb5b cells can signal the onset of a light step with 1-3 all-or-nothing action potentials that attain a peak amplitude of -10 to -20 mV (peak width at half-height equals 2-3 ms). When exposed to a continuous, temporally fluctuating stimulus, cb5b cells generate both graded and spiking responses. Cb5b cells spike with millisecond precision, selecting for stimulus sequences in which transitions to light are preceded by a period of darkness. The axon terminals of cb5b bipolar cells costratify with the dendrites of amacrine and ganglion cells that encode light onset with a short latency burst of spikes. The results support the idea that a spiking On bipolar cell is part of a dedicated retinal pathway for rapidly and reliably signaling dark to light transitions.
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