Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22217342›Full record

ArticleBMC cancer2012

HIF-1 activation induces doxorubicin resistance in MCF7 3-D spheroids via P-glycoprotein expression: a potential model of the chemo-resistance of invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast.

Sophie Doublier, Dimas C Belisario, Manuela Polimeni, Laura Annaratone, Chiara Riganti, Elena Allia, Dario Ghigo, Amalia Bosia, Anna Sapino

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC cancer, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
92citing papers in PubMed
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

92 citing papers in PubMed, 174 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Quantifying single-cell responses to irradiation in 3D.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026
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  10. Melittin inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion in osteosarcoma cell lines using 2D and 3D models.The journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases · 2025
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  18. Three-DimensionalInternational journal of biological sciences · 2024
    Review
  19. miRNAs as short non-coding RNAs in regulating doxorubicin resistance.Journal of cell communication and signaling · 2023
    Review
  20. Review

32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Sophie DoublierDepartment of Genetics, Biology and Biochemistry, University of Turin, Via Santena, 5/bis, 10126 Turin, Italy. sophie.doublier@unito.it
Dimas C Belisario
Manuela Polimeni
Laura Annaratone
Chiara Riganti
Elena Allia
Dario Ghigo
Amalia Bosia
Anna Sapino
University of Turin · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInvasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) of the breast is a distinct and aggressive variant of luminal type B breast cancer that does not respond to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. It is characterized by small pseudopapillary clusters of cancer cells with inverted cell polarity. To investigate whether hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) activation may be related to the drug resistance described in this tumor, we used MCF7 cancer cells cultured as 3-D spheroids, which morphologically simulate IMPC cell clusters.

methodsHIF-1 activation was measured by EMSA and ELISA in MCF7 3-D spheroids and MCF7 monolayers. Binding of HIF-1α to MDR-1 gene promoter and modulation of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) expression was evaluated by ChIP assay and FACS analysis, respectively. Intracellular doxorubicin retention was measured by spectrofluorimetric assay and drug cytotoxicity by annexin V-FITC measurement and caspase activity assay.

resultsIn MCF7 3-D spheroids HIF-1 was activated and recruited to participate to the transcriptional activity of MDR-1 gene, coding for Pgp. In addition, Pgp expression on the surface of cells obtained from 3-D spheroids was increased. MCF7 3-D spheroids accumulate less doxorubicin and are less sensitive to its cytotoxic effects than MCF7 cells cultured as monolayer. Finally, HIF-1α inhibition either by incubating cells with 3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole (a widely used HIF-1α inhibitor) or by transfecting cells with specific siRNA for HIF-1α significantly decreased the expression of Pgp on the surface of cells and increased the intracellular doxorubicin accumulation in MCF7 3-D spheroids.

conclusionsMCF7 breast cancer cells cultured as 3-D spheroids are resistant to doxorubicin and this resistance is associated with an increased Pgp expression in the plasma membrane via activation of HIF-1. The same mechanism may be suggested for IMPC drug resistance.

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsCarcinoma, PapillaryAnnexinsAntineoplastic AgentsATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1CaspasesDoxorubicinDrug Resistance, NeoplasmFemaleHumansHypoxia-Inducible Factor 1Spheroids, CellularTumor Cells, CulturedAnnexinsAntineoplastic AgentsATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1CaspasesDoxorubicinHypoxia-Inducible Factor 1

Identifiers

PMID22217342
PMCPMC3262753
OpenAlexW2159256342

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.