ArticlePloS one2011
Enrichment of variations in KIR3DL1/S1 and KIR2DL2/L3 among H1N1/09 ICU patients: an exploratory study.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Post-translational modification of NK cell receptors offers clues to antigenic specificity riddle.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- HLA-C Peptide Repertoires as Predictors of Clinical Response during Early SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Relationship between KIR genotypes and HLA-ligands with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Saudi population.Journal of King Saud University. Science · 2023Article
- Individualized Constellation of Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptors and Cognate HLA Class I Ligands that Controls Natural Killer Cell Antiviral Immunity Predisposes COVID-19.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- The New Kid on the Block: HLA-C, a Key Regulator of Natural Killer Cells in Viral Immunity.Cells · 2021Review
- Review
- Population Difference in Allele Frequency of HLA-C*05 and Its Correlation with COVID-19 Mortality.Viruses · 2020Article
- Influenza Pathogenesis: The Effect of Host Factors on Severity of Disease.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Review
- The Dual Role of HLA-C in Tolerance and Immunity at the Maternal-Fetal Interface.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Health Challenges of the Pacific Region: Insights From History, Geography, Social Determinants, Genetics, and the Microbiome.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- An Increased Frequency in HLA Class I Alleles and Haplotypes Suggests Genetic Susceptibility to Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Pandemic: A Case-Control Study.Journal of immunology research · 2018Article
- Influenza Virus Targets Class I MHC-Educated NK Cells for Immunoevasion.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
- Natural Killer Cell Diversity in Viral Infection: Why and How Much?Pathogens & immunity · 2016Article
- The evolution of natural killer cell receptors.Immunogenetics · 2016Review
- Host genes and influenza pathogenesis in humans: an emerging paradigm.Current opinion in virology · 2015Review
- Know Thyself: NK-Cell Inhibitory Receptors Prompt Self-Tolerance, Education, and Viral Control.Frontiers in immunology · 2014Review
- Prioritizing genes responsible for host resistance to influenza using network approaches.BMC genomics · 2013Article
- Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor gene associations with autoimmune and allergic diseases, recurrent spontaneous abortion, and neoplasms.Frontiers in immunology · 2013Article
- Article
- Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) in severe A (H1N1) 2009 influenza infections.Immunogenetics · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInfection by the pandemic influenza A (H1N1/09) virus resulted in significant pathology among specific ethnic groups worldwide. Natural Killer (NK) cells are important in early innate immune responses to viral infections. Activation of NK cells, in part, depend on killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and HLA class I ligand interactions. To study factors involved in NK cell dysfunction in overactive immune responses to H1N1 infection, KIR3DL1/S1 and KIR2DL2/L3 allotypes and cognate HLA ligands of H1N1/09 intensive-care unit (ICU) patients were determined. METHODOLOGY AND
findingsKIR3DL1/S1, KIR2DL2/L3, and HLA -B and -C of 51 H1N1/09 ICU patients and 105 H1N1-negative subjects (St. Theresa Point, Manitoba) were characterized. We detected an increase of 3DL1 ligand-negative pairs (3DL1/S1(+) Bw6(+) Bw4(-)), and a lack of 2DL1 HLA-C2 ligands, among ICU patients. They were also significantly enriched for 2DL2/L3 ligand-positive pairs (P<0.001, Pc<0.001; Odds Ratio:6.3158, CI95%:2.481-16.078). Relative to St. Theresa aboriginals (STh) and Venezuelan Amerindians (VA), allotypes enriched among aboriginal ICU patients (Ab) were: 2DL3 (Ab>VA, P=0.024, Pc=0.047; Odds Ratio:2.563, CI95%:1.109-5.923), 3DL1*00101 (Ab>VA, P<0.001, Pc<0.001), 3DL1*01502 (Ab>STh, P=0.034, Pc=0.268), and 3DL1*029 (Ab>STh, P=0.039, Pc=0.301). Aboriginal patients ligand-positive for 3DL1/S1 and 2DL1 had the lowest probabilities of death (R(d)) (R(d)=28%), compared to patients that were 3DL1/S1 ligand-negative (R(d)=52%) or carried 3DL1*029 (R(d)=52%). Relative to Caucasoids (CA), two allotypes were enriched among non-aboriginal ICU patients (NAb): 3DL1*00401 (NAb>CA, P<0.001, Pc<0.001) and 3DL1*01502 (CA<NAb, P=0.012, Pc=0.156). Non-aboriginal patients with ligands for all three KIRs (3DL1/S1, 2DL2/L3, and 2DL1) had the lowest probabilities of death (R(d)=36%), compared to subjects with 3DL1*01502 (R(d)=48%) and/or 3DL1*00401 (R(d)=58%).
conclusionsSpecific KIR3DL1/S1 allotypes, 3DL1/S1 and 2DL1 ligand-negative pairs, and 2DL2/L3 ligand-positive pairs were enriched among ICU patients. This suggests a possible association with NK cell dysfunction in patients with overactive immune responses to H1N1/09, leading to severe disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.