ArticlePloS one2011
Comparison of IRES and F2A-based locus-specific multicistronic expression in stable mouse lines.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- An engineered helper plasmid generates differential E4orf6 and L4-22/33K gene expression increasing AAV vector production.Gene therapy · 2026Article
- A RUNX2 reporter is expressed prior to osteochondral differentiation and models metaphyseal dysplasia with maxillary hypoplasia and brachydactyly.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2026Article
- Genetic interaction betweenResearch square · 2026Article
- Genetic interaction betweenbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Protective immunity in hamsters from an oral Nipah vaccine correlates with pseudovirus neutralising antibody titre.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Viral genome editing methods and applications in the CRISPR era.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- IRES-Mediated Translation: Expanding the Toolkits of RNA Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Creb5 controls its own expression and directly induces the joint interzone regulatory program.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Morphogenesis and regeneration share a conserved core transition cell state program that controls lung epithelial cell fate.Developmental cell · 2025Article
- Developing polycistronic expression tool inSynthetic and systems biotechnology · 2025Article
- Wnt5a and Notum influence the temporal dynamics of cartilaginous mesenchymal condensations in developing trachea.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Wnt signaling regulates ion channel expression to promote smooth muscle and cartilage formation in developing mouse trachea.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2023Article
- Wnt signaling regulates ion channel expression to promote smooth muscle and cartilage formation in developing mouse trachea.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Next-generation plasmids for transgenesis in zebrafish and beyond.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2023Article
- gp130/STAT3 signaling is required for homeostatic proliferation and anabolism in postnatal growth plate and articular chondrocytes.Communications biology · 2022Article
- Co-delivery of genes can be confounded by bicistronic vector design.MRS communications · 2022Article
- Endoderm development requires centrioles to restrain p53-mediated apoptosis in the absence of ERK activity.Developmental cell · 2021Article
- Synthetic polycistronic sequences in eukaryotes.Synthetic and systems biotechnology · 2021Review
- Nanoparticle-mediated tumor cell expression of mIL-12 via systemic gene delivery treats syngeneic models of murine lung cancers.Scientific reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Efficient and stoichiometric expression of genes concatenated by bi- or multi-cistronic vectors has become an invaluable tool not only in basic biology to track and visualize proteins in vivo, but also for vaccine development and in the clinics for gene therapy. To adequately compare, in vivo, the effectiveness of two of the currently popular co-expression strategies - the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) derived from the picornavirus and the 2A peptide from the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FDMV) (F2A), we analyzed two locus-specific knock-in mouse lines co-expressing SRY-box containing gene 9 (Sox9) and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) linked by the IRES (Sox9(IRES-EGFP)) or the F2A (Sox9(F2A-EGFP)) sequence. Both the constructs expressed Sox9 and EGFP proteins in the appropriate Sox9 expression domains, with the IRES construct expressing reduced levels of EGFP compared to that of the F2A. The latter, on the other hand, produced about 42.2% Sox9-EGFP fusion protein, reflecting an inefficient ribosome 'skipping' mechanism. To investigate if the discrepancy in the 'skipping' process was locus-dependent, we further analyzed the FLAG(3)-Bapx1(F2A-EGFP) mouse line and found similar levels of fusion protein being produced. To assess if EGFP was hindering the 'skipping' mechanism, we examined another mouse line co-expressing Bagpipe homeobox gene 1 homolog (Bapx1), Cre recombinase and EGFP (Bapx1(F2A-Cre-F2A-EGFP)). While the 'skipping' was highly efficient between Bapx1 and Cre, the 'skipping' between Cre and EGFP was highly inefficient. We have thus demonstrated in our comparison study that the efficient and close to equivalent expression of genes linked by F2A is achievable in stable mouse lines, but the EGFP reporter may cause undesirable inhibition of the 'skipping' at the F2A sequence. Hence, the use of other reporter genes should be explored when utilizing F2A peptides.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.