ArticlePLoS genetics2011
Candidate gene screen in the red flour beetle Tribolium reveals six3 as ancient regulator of anterior median head and central complex development.
Article in PLoS genetics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Conserved and diverged embryonic expression patterns of panarthropod NK-Cluster genes and new evidence for CRE-shuffling.BMC ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- Cambrian Artiopoda Reveals a Constraint in Euarthropod Brain Evolution.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- An Integrated Canonical and Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Network Controls Early Anterior-Posterior Axis Formation in Sea Urchin Embryos.Journal of developmental biology · 2025Review
- Divergent Hox cluster collinearity in horned beetles reveals adult head patterning function of labial.Developmental biology · 2025Article
- Brain anatomy of the Cambrian fossil Jianfengia multisegmentalis informs euarthropod phylogeny.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Article
- Combinatorial Wnt signaling landscape during brachiopod anteroposterior patterning.BMC biology · 2024Article
- An atlas of spider development at single-cell resolution provides new insights into arthropod embryogenesis.EvoDevo · 2024Article
- Review
- Review
- Screens in fly and beetle reveal vastly divergent gene sets required for developmental processes.BMC biology · 2022Article
- Identification of sex-biased and neurodevelopment genesFrontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Article
- Article
- Sequence heterochrony led to a gain of functionality in an immature stage of the central complex: A fly-beetle insight.PLoS biology · 2020Article
- six3 acts upstream of foxQ2 in labrum and neural development in the spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum.Development genes and evolution · 2020Article
- Adult neurogenesis in the mushroom bodies of red flour beetles (Tribolium castaneum, HERBST) is influenced by the olfactory environment.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- From spiral cleavage to bilateral symmetry: the developmental cell lineage of the annelid brain.BMC biology · 2019Article
- An ancestral apical brain region contributes to the central complex under the control ofeLife · 2019Article
- Expression of NK genes that are not part of the NK cluster in the onychophoran Euperipatoides rowelli (Peripatopsidae).BMC developmental biology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several highly conserved genes play a role in anterior neural plate patterning of vertebrates and in head and brain patterning of insects. However, head involution in Drosophila has impeded a systematic identification of genes required for insect head formation. Therefore, we use the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum in order to comprehensively test the function of orthologs of vertebrate neural plate patterning genes for a function in insect head development. RNAi analysis reveals that most of these genes are indeed required for insect head capsule patterning, and we also identified several genes that had not been implicated in this process before. Furthermore, we show that Tc-six3/optix acts upstream of Tc-wingless, Tc-orthodenticle1, and Tc-eyeless to control anterior median development. Finally, we demonstrate that Tc-six3/optix is the first gene known to be required for the embryonic formation of the central complex, a midline-spanning brain part connected to the neuroendocrine pars intercerebralis. These functions are very likely conserved among bilaterians since vertebrate six3 is required for neuroendocrine and median brain development with certain mutations leading to holoprosencephaly.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.